Evolution: Evidence and Natural Selection

The process by which populations slowly change over time is called__________

• selective breeding

• adaptation

• speciation

• evolution

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Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as

• vestigial structures
• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• fossil structures

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Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development

• natural selection
• embryology
• speciation
• evolution

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Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequence
• exactly the same DNA sequences
• no proteins in common
• completely different DNA sequence

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Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________

• increase in number
  
• become extinct
  

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Some lizards have different size legs.  Lizards with longer legs are able to better access food.  Over time, lizards with short legs became less common.
Which trait is more likely to get passed on?

• lizard size
• long legs
• leg size 
• food

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A bad tasting chemical was added to plants. Which of the following is the MOST LIKELY outcome of this adaptation? 

• animals would continue eating the plant. 
• the chemical would disappear. 
• the amount of animals that eat the plant would greatly decrease. 
• the chemical would help with photosynthesis. 

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Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection? 

• people selectively breeding hamsters.
• insect populations developing resistance to certain pesticides.
• bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics.
• male birds of certain species developing colorful feathers to attract female mates.

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The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution.  How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?

• natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
• natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.
• natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
• natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.

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Which of the following is the BEST example of an adaptation?

• people learning to ride horses for fun.
• a breeder mating two black cats to get a a litter of black kittens.
• buzzards moving into a new area where they can eat .
• horses having long legs so they can run away from predators.

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