Ch. 9: SS.7.C.3.12 - Supreme Court Cases Review

Congress proposes an amendment legalizing an income tax. The Supreme Court rules that the income tax is unconstitutional. These events illustrate the use of which of the following?

• delegated powers

• checks and balances

• separation of powers

• judicial legislation

Which case would most likely be heard by the U.S. Supreme Court?

• a lawsuit to stop construction of a new highway near an elementary school

• an appeal of a murder conviction

• a case in which a defendant’s rights are denied and the case is further appealed

• a case in which there is a hung jury

“It is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is. . . .” Marbury v. Madison, 1803. The quote above expresses the Supreme Court’s claim that

• courts must abide by a strict interpretation of the Constitution

• federal laws must be approved by the courts before they can take effect

• the judicial branch must have a role in the amendment process

• the power of judicial review belongs to the courts

The Supreme Court decisions in Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) and Miranda v. Arizona (1966) have been criticized because these rulings decided which of the following?

• expanded the rights of the accused

• granted more powers to federal judges

• lengthened prison sentences for the guilty

• . reinstated the use of capital punishment

The Supreme Court decision in United States v. Nixon (1974) reinforced the principle that the president of the United States

• has unlimited use of the veto power

• is protected from unfair media criticism

• may not be convicted of a crime

• is not above the law

Which headline below illustrates the use of judicial review?

• “Congress Passes a Civil Rights Bill”

• “Conference Committee Meets to Finalize Budget”

• “New York State’s Reapportionment Plan Ruled Unconstitutional”

• “President Signs SALT Agreement with Russia”

“Illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in a court of law.” This statement is based on a person’s constitutional right to which of the following?

• face an accuser in open court

• protection against double jeopardy

• a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury

• protection against unreasonable searches and seizures

“The most stringent protection of free speech would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theater and causing a panic." - Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Which interpretation of the Bill of Rights does this statement illustrate?

• The needs of the government are more important than civil liberties.

• Constitutional protections of liberty are not absolute.

• The Supreme Court can eliminate freedoms listed in the Bill of Rights.

• The Bill of Rights does not safeguard individual liberties.

Which principle was the focus of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona (1966)?

• freedom of expression

• freedom of speech

• self-incrimination

• right to counsel

States must pay for public defenders as a result of which U.S. Supreme Court case?

• District of Columbia v. Heller (2008)

• Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)

• Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

• Miranda v. Arizona (1966)