AP Psych - Developmental Psychology review questions

In neonates, the response to sudden loud noises that involves a splaying out of the limbs is called the

• Palmar reflex

• Babinski reflex

• Orienting reflex

• Moro reflex

• Rooting reflex

According to Erik Erikson, the major developmental task of school age children before puberty is to develop

• a sense of competence in their efforts

• the ability to form stable intimate relationships

• a feeling of trust that their basic needs will be met

• control over basic bodily functions

• a consistent self view of identity and roles

Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral development posits that a child at the first stage of preconventional morality

• Is motivated primarily by the evaluation of self-benefit

• Is motivated primarily by the desire to live up to expectations

• Is motivated primarily by a belief in balancing individual rights with social contracts

• Is motivated primarily by the desire to maintain a “just world”

• Is motivated primarily by the desire to receive reward and avoid punishment

What is the response pattern of securely attached children in the Strange Situation when their mothers return?

• They tend to ignore their mothers because they are secure about her care

• Sometimes they run over to their mothers and sometimes they do not; there’s no consistent pattern in their responses

• They tend to run over to their mothers and beg them not to leave again

• They tend to go to their mothers for comfort

• They hit their mothers

Researchers were interested in studying the effects of divorce on children. Their study included 250 4-year-olds. Interviews and family observations were conducted 6 months, 2 years, 5 years, and 10 years after the initial interviews and observations. Which method did the researcher use?

• cohort sequential

• cross sectional

• longitudinal

• experimental

• quasi-experimental

Object permanence is

• The belief that all objects have life just like humans do

• The idea that gender does not change by putting on the clothes of the opposite sex

• The understanding that a tall beaker and a short beaker can hold the same amount of water

• A belief that all objects in the world, including mountains and streams, are made by people

• The understanding that things continue to exist even when they are out of sight

The rooting reflex is a neonate's tendency to

• Open its mouth and turn its head when touched on the cheek

• Throw out its arms and legs and quickly retract them when startled

• Explore the world through sucking objects

• Look longer at round shapes that look like faces than square shapes than do not

• Grasp nearby objects

Dorothy just celebrated her 90th birthday with her close friends, and is excited about a visit from her grandchildren. According to Erikson she has probably most recently achieved?

• isolation

• integrity

• despair

• autonomy

• industry

Mr. Hernandez explains to his son that the speed limit is 55mph. He tells him to stay under the speed limit when driving because it’s the law and will probably prevent accidents. Kohlberg’s level of morality illustrated by this example is

• preconventional

• concrete operational

• conventional

• egocentric

• postconventional

A critical period is a stage in development when

• Specific stimuli have a major effect on development that they do not produce at other times

• Children are resistant to any kind of discipline by their parents

• New learning is prevented by older learning

• Bonding between the child and parent takes place

• The child first enters elementary school and needs positive reinforcement