African Independence Movements

Which statement best expresses a major idea of Pan-Africanism?

• African doctors should be trained in

  Western schools.

• European nations should re-establish

  economic relationships with their former

  African colonies

• African nations should work together to

  solve their problems.

• African nations should send

  peacekeeping forces to settle disputes in

  other areas of the world.

The actions of Jomo Kenyatta, Kwame Nkrumah, Léopold Senghor, and Julius Nyerere were most closely associated with

• a rise in nationalism in several African

  countries

• the end of apartheid in South Africa

• a resurgence of colonialism in east Africa

• the revival of Islam in northern Africa

A major factor in the development of 20th–century nationalist movements throughout Africa was a common

• language throughout most of Africa

• goal to end European rule in Africa

• ethnic bond among the people of

  sub-Saharan Africa

• religion throughout most of Africa

The current political boundaries of African nations have been most influenced by

• the topographic features of the continent

• the patterns of European colonialism

• traditional African language groups

• the location of ancient African tribal

  kingdoms

The most significant occurrence in Africa since 1950 has been the

• decrease in the birthrate in most nations

• decline of European colonialism

• unification of East African nations

• establishment of communist regimes in

  most nations

"Rhodesia Becomes Zimbabwe"

"Gold Coast Becomes Ghana"

These headlines suggest that African governments sometimes rename their nations to

• avoid military overthrow

• reflect traditional cultures

• reinforce colonial influences

• increase foreign investments

In the early days of independence, a major problem for many African nations was a

• shortage of skilled technical workers

• scarcity of natural resources

• lack of water for hydroelectric power

• reluctance to accept economic aid from

  the United Nations

Some African nations have maintained close relationships with their former colonial rulers primarily because

• economic and cultural ties remain strong

• African leaders are unwilling to tackle

  problems on their own

• outside nations do not provide assistance

  to African nations

• most Africans want to keep their dual

  citizenship