Temperature and Heat

Which of these is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a material?

• heat

• temperature

• thermal energy

• bonding energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

A lizard sits on a hot rock to get warm. What type of thermal energy transfer is occurring?

• conduction

• convection

• radiation

• kinetic

What is thermal energy?

• the total kinetic energy in an object

• the average kinetic energy in an object

• the total transfer of kinetic energy between two objects

• the average transfer of kinetic energy between two objects

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

A hot potato at 80 ºC is placed in a bowl of soup at 40 ºC. The surrounding room is at

20 ºC. Which correctly describes the directions of thermal energy transfer?

• potato to soup, and soup to room

• room to soup, and soup to potato

• room to soup, and room to potato

• soup to potato, and potato to room

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student wants to raise the temperature of 200 g of water from 25 °C to 50 °C by adding a hot piece of iron metal. Which of these properties of the iron will the student need to know to carry out the experiment?

• mass and volume

• volume and density

• temperature and mass

• density and temperature

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Throughout the day, Matthew and Mei measure the temperature of lake water as it is warmed by the sun. The table shows their data at four different times. At which time was the thermal energy of the lake water the greatest?

• 3 p.m.

• 5 p.m.

• 9 a.m.

• 11 a.m.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Consider four objects all made of iron. Which has the most total thermal energy?

• a nail at 100 °C

• a spoon at 25 °C

• a frying pan at 50 °C

• a paper clip at 150 °C

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What is the scientific definition of heat?

• Heat is the measure of potential energy in an object.

• Heat is how hot or cold something is.

• Heat is the measure of kinetic energy in an object.

• Heat is the transferal of thermal energy between two objects.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

If the temperature outside increases from 30 °F to 60 °F, how has the kinetic energy of the air particles changed?

• The average kinetic energy of the air particles decreases.

• The average kinetic energy of the air particles increases.

• The average kinetic energy stays the same.

• There is be no kinetic energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

An ice cube floats in warm water in a container placed outside on a hot, sunny day. Identify the processes by which the warm water contacting the ice cube and the sun warming the air transfer energy.

• Water transfers energy to ice through radiation. Sun transfers energy to the air through conduction.

• Ice transfers energy to water through conduction. Air transfers energy to the Sun through radiation.

• Water transfers energy to ice through conduction. Sun transfers energy to the air through radiation.

• Both transfer energy through conduction.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS1-4