Chapter 7 Medical terminology

arteriole

• small artery
• process of expelling urine; also called micturition
• hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine
• nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine
• tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

calciferol

• active form of vitamin D, secreted by the kidney
• small artery
• process of expelling urine; also called micturition
• hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine
• nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine

calyx or calix (calyces or calices)

• Cuplike collecting region of the renal pelvis; the term comes from the Greek, kalux, meaning a cup or case surrounding a flower bud
• active form of vitamin D, secreted by the kidney
• small artery
• process of expelling urine; also called micturition
• hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine

catheter

• tube for injecting or removing fluids
• Cuplike collecting region of the renal pelvis; the term comes from the Greek, kalux, meaning a cup or case surrounding a flower bud
• active form of vitamin D, secreted by the kidney
• small artery
• process of expelling urine; also called micturition

cortex

• outer region of an organ; the renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney (cortical means pertaining to the cortex).
• tube for injecting or removing fluids
• Cuplike collecting region of the renal pelvis; the term comes from the Greek, kalux, meaning a cup or case surrounding a flower bud
• active form of vitamin D, secreted by the kidney
• small artery

Creatinine

• Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine. Creatinine clearance is a measure of the efficiency of the kidneys in removing (clearing) creatinine from the blood.
• outer region of an organ; the renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney (cortical means pertaining to the cortex).
• tube for injecting or removing fluids
• Cuplike collecting region of the renal pelvis; the term comes from the Greek, kalux, meaning a cup or case surrounding a flower bud
• active form of vitamin D, secreted by the kidney

Electrolyte

• chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water, Electrolytes are necessary for functioning of muscles and nerves. The kidneys maintain the proper balance of electrolytes and water in the blood. Potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) are electrolytes.
• Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine. Creatinine clearance is a measure of the efficiency of the kidneys in removing (clearing) creatinine from the blood.
• outer region of an organ; the renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney (cortical means pertaining to the cortex).
• tube for injecting or removing fluids
• Cuplike collecting region of the renal pelvis; the term comes from the Greek, kalux, meaning a cup or case surrounding a flower bud

Erythropoietin (EPO)

• Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow. -Poietin means a substance that forms. EPO (E-po) stimulates red blood cell production, and thus increases the endurance. However, use of EPO is a form of blood doping and is prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Authority (WADA).
• chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water, Electrolytes are necessary for functioning of muscles and nerves. The kidneys maintain the proper balance of electrolytes and water in the blood. Potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) are electrolytes.
• Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine. Creatinine clearance is a measure of the efficiency of the kidneys in removing (clearing) creatinine from the blood.
• outer region of an organ; the renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney (cortical means pertaining to the cortex).
• tube for injecting or removing fluids

Filtration

• process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter
• Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow. -Poietin means a substance that forms. EPO (E-po) stimulates red blood cell production, and thus increases the endurance. However, use of EPO is a form of blood doping and is prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Authority (WADA).
• chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water, Electrolytes are necessary for functioning of muscles and nerves. The kidneys maintain the proper balance of electrolytes and water in the blood. Potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) are electrolytes.
• Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine. Creatinine clearance is a measure of the efficiency of the kidneys in removing (clearing) creatinine from the blood.
• outer region of an organ; the renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney (cortical means pertaining to the cortex).

glomerular capsule

• Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus. The glomerular capsule is also known as Bowman's capsule and it collects the material that is filtered from the blood through the walls of the glomerulus.
• process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter
• Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow. -Poietin means a substance that forms. EPO (E-po) stimulates red blood cell production, and thus increases the endurance. However, use of EPO is a form of blood doping and is prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Authority (WADA).
• chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water, Electrolytes are necessary for functioning of muscles and nerves. The kidneys maintain the proper balance of electrolytes and water in the blood. Potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) are electrolytes.
• Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine. Creatinine clearance is a measure of the efficiency of the kidneys in removing (clearing) creatinine from the blood.