Evolution

Who was the naturalist that traveled the world to study plants and animals?

• Albert Einstein
• Charles Darwin
• Charles Barkley
• Isaac Newton

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Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring? 

• Evolution 
• Variation 
• Adaptation
• Natural Selection 

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Which species’ DNA is most similar to the DNA of the toothed whale? 

• Hippopotamus 
• Baleen Whale
• Grazing Mammals
• Camels

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Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequence
• exactly the same DNA sequences
• no proteins in common
• completely different DNA sequence

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Finches on the Galapagos Islands express a variety of traits. Variability in the offspring of these finches is a result of

• mutation and cloning

• meiosis and mutation

• mitosis and asexual reproduction

• mitosis and genetic recombination

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

It is recommended that people avoid excessive use of tanning beds. Exposure to the radiation emitted by tanning beds can cause skin cancer. This cancer is the direct result of a

• change in a starch molecule

• mutation in the genetic material

• mutation in a protein

• change in a fat molecule

Natural selection produces changes most quickly in

• species with short reproductive cycles

• individual pathogens killed by antibiotics

• complex multicellular organisms

• individuals that produce a small number of offspring

A chemical was added to hand sanitizers and dish detergents to kill bacteria. Certain species of bacteria are no longer killed by this chemical. One likely reason for the decreased effectiveness of this chemical is that these bacteria have

• slower metabolic rates

• a mutation for resistance

• been selectively bred for survival

• an adaptation to a different niche

A shark and a dolphin have similarly shaped bodies and fins. However, these two organisms are not closely related: The shark is a fish, and the dolphin is a mammal. Some species may have similar body structures even if they are not related because they evolved in

• similar environments and specific traits increased their chances of survival

• similar environments and were exposed to factors that caused exactly the same mutations

• different environments, but tried to adapt in the same ways so they could survive

• different environments, but ate similar foods that affected their growth and development

In addition to the appearance of the antifreeze gene, icefish have also been found to have DNA sequences similar to the DNA sequences in hemoglobin genes of other fish species. However, these DNA sequences are not complete and therefore not functional in icefish. This evidence makes it likely that

• icefish ancestors had hemoglobin

• icefish will soon produce offspring with hemoglobin

• hemoglobin is a molecule made by some fi sh that do not have genes for it

• soon all fi sh will stop producing hemoglobin