Nervous System AP Biology

Which of the following is not a function of the medulla oblongata?

• Control vomiting reflexes

• Control blood pressure

• Control cardiac rate

• Control breathing rate

• Control speech patterns

Which of the following statements about axons is true?

• There are often numerous axons for each neuron

• The axon is the site of neurotransmitter production

• The axon carries action potentials away from the cell body of a neuron

• The axon contains the cell nucleus

Which of the following is responsible for creating myelin, for the myelin sheaths of axons?

• Schwann cells only

• Oligodendrocytes only

• Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes

• None of the other answers are correct

During an action potential, why is there a hyperpolarization phase?

• The sodium-potassium pump is active

• Negatively charged chloride ions enter the cell to end the action potential

• Voltage-gated sodium channels remain open

• Voltage-gated potassium channels remain open

Which of the following is true about cells at resting potential?

• There is a higher concentration of sodium inside of the cell

• They have a resting potential of -30mV relative to the outside of the cell

• There is a higher concentration of potassium outside of the cell

• A sodium-potassium pump keeps the membrane polarized

What is the primary function of the occipital lobe?

• Integrating tactile input

• Integrating auditory input

• Integrating visual input

• Conscious thought

Nervous tissue contains multiple support cells for neurons. These support cells are collectively referred to as neuroglia.

Which of the following is the support cell that myelinates axons in the peripheral nervous systems?

• Satellite cells

• Astrocytes

• Schwann cells

• Oligodendrocytes

A patient is taken to the hospital after suffering severe head trauma. He is unconscious for two days before waking up. Upon standing, the patient finds he has moderate trouble walking straight and has difficulty maintaining his balance.

Based on these symptoms, what part of the patient's brain do you suspect was damaged in the accident?

• medulla oblongata

• cerebrum

• hypothalamus

• amygdala

• cerebellum

What ion is principally responsible for triggering the threshold membrane potential?

• Calcium

• Chloride

• Sodium

• Potassium

Action potentials move down myelinated axons via salutatory conduction. This is because __________.

• they jump from gap to gap in between the myelin sheaths

• they speed up dramatically in areas with more myelin wrapping, depending on the thickness of the sheath

• additional impulses boost their speed periodically

• they jump from the middle of the gaps to the middle of the myelin sheaths