Natural Selection and Evolution

What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?

• To look different from other species.
• To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
• To protect itself against predators.
• To protect itself against prey.

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Almost all adaptations started off as?

• selective breeding
• physiological
• structural
• mutation

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Do organisms "decide" to evolve and change?

• Yes, they know they need to change to survive 
• No, they change because of natural selection

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Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...

• random chance
• natural selection
• non-random mating (sexual selection)
• artificial selection

This mechanism of evolution occurs when individuals migrate between populations.

• Extinction
• Gene flow
• Genetic drift
• Natural Selection

This model shows a how populations of organisms can change. Which of the following concepts is best illustrated by this demonstration?                                          

• Natural selection
• Genetic drift 
• Extinction 
• Gene flow 

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Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring? 

• Evolution 
• Variation 
• Adaptation
• Natural Selection 

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Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequence
• exactly the same DNA sequences
• no proteins in common
• completely different DNA sequence

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A fossil of an extinct dinosaur is found and the anatomy of the fossil shows similarities to that of a bird. What could this mean?

• This is purely by chance and isn't significant
• The extinct dinosaur and modern bird share a common ancestor
• All dinosaurs evolved into birds and that's why there aren't any dinosaurs alive today
• Dinosaurs choose to fly, and evolved into birds to escape predation and capture food

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Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as

• vestigial structures
• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• fossil structures

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