Unit 5 Review

A “day” on Earth is 24 hours long. A “day” on Saturn lasts 10 hours and 32 minutes. Which of the following best explains this difference between the two planets?

• Saturn is farther from the Sun than Earth.

• Saturn rotates on its axis faster than Earth.

• Saturn has greater gravitational force than Earth.

• Saturn revolves around the Sun faster than Earth.

Long ago, the planet Venus was believed to be a tropical paradise similar to Earth, yet a bit closer to the Sun. As scientists learned more about Venus, they found it to be one of the harshest environments in the Solar System, with extreme pressure, 400^oC temperatures, and corrosive conditions. Which of the following best explains why Venus is so different from Earth?

• Venus’s desert landscape causes it to be hotter and drier than Earth.

• Venus’s thicker atmosphere causes an extreme greenhouse effect.

• Venus’s distance from the Sun causes it to be cooler than Earth.

• Venus’s lack of a tilt causes it to have no changing seasons.

In one century (100 years), both Saturn and Earth complete revolutions of the Sun. Which of the following correctly compares the number of revolutions that the two planets will complete?

• Saturn will complete more revolutions than Earth

• Earth will complete more revolutions than Saturn.

• Saturn will complete the same number of revolutions as Earth.

• There is insufficient data to determine the number of revolutions.

Review the diagram of the Solar System. Based on this diagram, which statement can be concluded?

• A day on Earth is longer than a day on Mercury.

• A year on Venus is longer than a year on Saturn.

• The average temperature on Mars is colder than the average temperature on Venus.

• The average temperature on Jupiter is hotter than the average temperature on Earth.

Earth and its Moon have some properties in common. Which of the following explains how the Moon is similar to Earth?

• Both have rocky surfaces

• Both revolve at the same rate.

• Both have similar atmospheres.

• Both have the same gravitational force.

Earth rotates on an axis that is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees. Which of the following would not occur if Earth's axis were not tilted?

• day and night

• moon phases

• seasons

• tides

Temperatures in Florida tend to be cooler in January than July. Which of the following explains this difference in temperatures during different times of the year?

• How fast Earth spins on its axis changes during the year

• The tilt of Earth's axis changes during the year

• Earth's distance from the sun changes during the year

• How much direct sunlight Florida receives changes during the year.

A new planet is discovered in a different solar system. The new planet is much like Earth. One difference is that the planet does not have tides. What does the planet lack that Earth has?

• A star

• A moon

• A geosphere

• a rotational period

In the diagram, the Sun, Earth, and the Moon are aligned, and only part of the Moon falls in Earth's shadow. What does the diagram illustrate?

• A full solar exlipse

• A full lunar eclipse

• A partial solar eclipse

• A partial lunar eclipse

Look at the diagram. When the Earth moon is in position B, which of the following may happen? (Select multiple answers)

• Full moon

• new moon

• Lunar eclipse

• Spring tide

• Neap tide