Conservation of Momentum

Which of the following is true when an object of mass m moving on a horizontal frictionless surface hits and sticks to an object of mass M > m, which is initially at rest on the surface?

• The collision is elastic.
• The momentum of the objects that are stuck together is smaller than the initial momentum of object m.
• The speed of the objects that are stuck together will be less than the initial speed.
• The direction of motion of the objects that are stuck together depends on whether the hit is a head-on collision.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

An open cart on a level surface is rolling without frictional loss through a vertical downpour of rain. As the cart rolls, an appreciable amount of rainwater accumulates in the cart. The speed of the cart will

• increase because of conservation of mechanical energy
• decrease because of conservation of momentum
• decrease because of conservation of mechanical energy
• remain the same because the raindrops are falling perpendicular to the direction of the cart's motion

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

A student obtains data on the magnitude of force applied to an object as a function of time and displays the data on the graph shown. The increase in the momentum of the object between t=0 s and t=4 s is most nearly

• 40 N·s
• 50 N·s
• 60 N·s
• 80 N·s

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

The two blocks of masses M and 2M shown above initially travel at the same speed v but in opposite directions. They collide and stick together. How much mechanical energy is lost to other forms of energy during the collision?

• 1/2 M v²
• 3/4 M v²
• 4/3 M v²
• 3/2 M v²

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

The graph shows the force on an object of mass M as a function of time. For the time interval 0 to 4 s, the total change in the momentum of the object is

• 40 kg m/s 
• 20 kg m/s
• 0 kg m/s 
• – 20 kg m/s

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

A 2.5 kg ball moving at 5 m/s collides with a 2.5 kg stationary ball in a perfectly elastic collision.  What is the velocity of the second ball after the collision? 

• 5 m/s
• 2.5 m/s
• 10 m/s
• 7.5 m/s

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

A 9300 kg railroad car traveling at a velocity of 5 m/s strikes a second boxcar that weighs 5000 kg at rest. At what speed will the second boxcar move?

• 18.6 m/s
• 9.3 m/s
• 7.5 m/s
• 1.86 m/s

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

The impulse is ______ the change in momentum

• Greater than
• Equal to
• less than
• always double

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

When the speed of an object is doubled, its momentum

• remains unchanged in accord with the conservation of momentum.
• doubles
• quadruples
• decreases

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Momentum is a ____________________ quantity

• science
• scalar
• vector
• energy

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2