DNA & Protein Synthesis

The instructions for the genetic traits of an organism are directly determined by the

• numbers of A, T, C, and G units in a sugar molecule

• sequence of bases in DNA molecules

• length of a DNA molecule

• way the bases are paired in the two strands of a DNA molecule

Which base pairings normally occur during DNA replication?

• Guanine pairs with cytosine. Thymine pairs with thymine.

• Thymine pairs with guanine. Cytosine pairs with adenine.

• Cytosine pairs with cytosine. Thymine pairs with thymine.

• Adenine pairs with thymine. Cytosine pairs with guanine.

A normal sequence of DNA bases in a single human skin cell is CATGGC. If this sequence replicates in this cell and becomes GATGGC, this alteration will most likely be passed to

• all human body cells

• offspring of the human

• every cell that develops from it

• all skin cells of this person

The process represented in the diagram below occurs in many cells. The main function of this process is to

• ensure genetic variation in a species

• provide an exact copy of the genetic code

• synthesize cellular proteins

• produce antibodies to combat disease

The inability of an organism to produce certain proteins can occur when an organism is lacking an enzyme needed to combine

• oxygen molecules

• simple sugars

• amino acids

• biologic catalysts

Which base pairs with A in a DNA molecule?

• C

• G

• T

• U

What is the process called when DNA is made into mRNA.

• translation

• transcription

• transcribe

• translate

What type of RNA moves to the ribosome to start protein synthesis?

• tRNA

• mRNA

• rRNA

• nRNA

Which macromolecule is made up of amino acids?

• carbohydrate

• lipid

• nucleic acid

• protein

DNA and RNA are which type of macromolecule?

• carbohydrate

• lipid

• nucleic acid

• protein