Sociology Test 2 Review

How does primary deviance differ from secondary deviance?

• Primary deviance derives from primary groups.
• Secondary deviance is not as important as primary deviance.
• In primary deviance people identify with deviant behavior.
• Primary deviance is deviant behavior that only happens once in a while.

Which of the following best describes a person who exhibits positive deviance?

• a criminal
• a perfectionist
• an outsider
• a nonconformist

Which of the following words can be considered an example of a stigma?

• cheater
• hero
• doctor
• studious

It is so important to Chris to appear successful to others that he begins stealing goods from the
warehouse where he works and reselling them to obtain money. What is this an example of?

• ritualism
• conformity
• innovation
• retreatism

How does victim discounting affect the seriousness of crimes directed at members of lower
social classes?

• It reduces the seriousness.
• It raises the seriousness.
• It ignores the seriousness.
• 
  It expresses the seriousness.

Which of the following is an example of a formal social sanction?

• bullying someone
• receiving an award
• gossiping about someone
• giving a hand shake

Consider the following statement: “The more you hang around with a group of teenagers who shoplift, the more likely it is that you will become a shoplifter.” Which of the following theories would most strongly agree with this statement?

• control theory
• differential association theory
• labeling theory
• retreatism theory

A computer operator figures out a way to steal from the bank where he works by sending money to
a secret account. This is an example of

• retreatism.
• control theory.
• labeling theory.
• white-collar crime.

A young high-school dropout is sent to prison for repeated car theft. While in prison, the individual is helped to obtain his high-school equivalency diploma. This increases his chances of getting a good job when he is released, and is an example of

• recidivism.
• rehabilitation.
• rebellion.
• ritualism.

Rape, robbery, and aggravated assault are example of

• Organized Crime
• Violent Crimes
• White-Collar Crime
• Victimless Crime