Unit 5 - Cell Energy/Transport

The cellular organelle that is most directly related to the process of photosynthesis is the -

• chloroplast

• endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi bodies

• mitochondria

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Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are often described as existing in a cycle. Which statement best describes why this true?

• Heterotrophs can perform photosynthesis and cellular respiration, where autotrophs can only perform photosynthesis

• Each reaction results in chemical products that are needed as reactants for the other reaction.

• Plants perform only cellular respiration and animal perform photosynthesis.

• Plants perform only photosynthesis and animals perform cellular respiration.

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An Olympic level swimmer can experience oxygen deprivation during long competitions. This can result in -

• aerobic respiration, which produces glycogen in the muscles

• aerobic respiration, which produces glucose in the muscles

• anaerobic respiration, which produces ethanol in the muscles

• anaerobic respiration, which produces lactic acid in the muscles

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Algae and multicellular plants are autotrophs because they -

• break down starches to glucose

• capture sunlight to produce sugars

• absorb nutrients from soil

• decompose dead organisms

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Which of these processes is carried out in both plants and animals?

• Asexual reproduction

• Excretion of metabolic waste

• Circulation of body fluids

• Cellular respiration

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One immediate cause in the decrease in the rate of photosynthesis is a reduction in the availability of:

• carbon monoxide

• hydrogen

• carbon dioxide

• oxygen

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What other substance besides carbon dioxide and water is released in the form of ENERGY during cell respiration from the mitochondria?

• Glucose

• Light

• ATP

• Carbon Dioxide

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Which of the following is composed of two layers of phospholipids associated with proteins?

• Cell membrane

• Ribosomes

• Cytoplasm

• Cell Wall

Organsisms maintain a balance between their cells and the external environment through the process of -

• homeostasis

• pH

• cellular respiration

• growth

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The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane without the use of any energy is called -

• diffusion

• osmosis

• endocytosis

• active transport