ES 5 Rocks

This rock appears to have multiple different colors as they represent different minerals that have slowly crystallized as the magma that made this rock, slowly cooled under the surface of the Earth

• Granite

• Basalt

• Pumice

• Obsidian

• Gneiss

Answer explanation

Granite is an igneous rock that forms from slowly cooled magma, allowing different minerals to crystallize, resulting in its characteristic multi-colored appearance. This matches the description given in the question.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

This rock has a density that is so low, it commonly floats in water. It can sometimes be found floating in the water near volcanoes that have erupted recently. Historically, it has been used to rub against the body in order to remove dead skin cells in the beauty industry.

• Pumice

• Basalt

• Obsidian

• Granite

• Gneiss

Answer explanation

Pumice is a volcanic rock with a low density that allows it to float on water. It is often found near recent volcanic eruptions and is used in the beauty industry for exfoliating dead skin cells.

This rock is commonly found left behind in areas where lava flows appear after volcanic eruptions.

• Granite

• Obsidian

• Gneiss

• Pumice

• Basalt

Answer explanation

Basalt is a volcanic rock commonly formed from lava flows during eruptions. It is often found in areas where lava has cooled and solidified, making it the correct choice among the options provided.

This rock is known as volcanic glass and is a shiny, black rock often found at sites of volcanic eruptions.

• Obsidian

• Basalt

• Granite

• Gneiss

• Slate

Answer explanation

Obsidian is a type of volcanic glass that is shiny and black, commonly found at volcanic eruption sites. The other options, like basalt and granite, are not glassy and do not match the description.

This rock is comprised of layers, known as bands, which are hard to discern in pictures. It is most typically formed as a result of heat and pressure being applied to shale.

• Shale

• Slate

• Schist

• Basalt

• Conglomerate

Answer explanation

Slate is formed from shale under heat and pressure, resulting in distinct layers or bands. This matches the description provided in the question, making slate the correct answer.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

This rock contains rock bands comprised of different minerals. It is commonly formed as a result of heat and pressure being added to granite.

• Gneiss

• Quartzite

• Marble

• Slate

• Schist

Answer explanation

Gneiss is formed from granite under heat and pressure, resulting in distinct bands of different minerals. This characteristic makes it the correct answer, distinguishing it from other metamorphic rocks like quartzite and marble.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

This rock contains rock bands and is created through an extremely complicated process. This rock is created as we apply heat and pressure to slate.

• Schist

• Slate

• Shale

• Basalt

• Gneiss

Answer explanation

Schist is formed from slate under heat and pressure, resulting in a banded appearance. This process makes schist the correct answer, as it specifically describes the transformation of slate into a more metamorphosed rock.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

This rock is a beautiful rock commonly used in the creation of beautiful sculptures. It is created as we apply heat to limestone.

• Marble

• Gneiss

• Quartzite

• Halite

• Conglomerate

Answer explanation

Marble is formed from limestone through heat and pressure, making it a popular choice for sculptures due to its beauty and workability. The other options do not fit this description.

This rock is created we apply heat and pressure to sandstone. Sandstone is a beautiful rock that is typically comprised of multiple layers of minerals, however, this rock does not have layers or rock bands.

• Marble

• Gneiss

• Halite

• Granite

• Quartzite

Answer explanation

Quartzite is formed from sandstone under heat and pressure, resulting in a dense rock without layers or bands, unlike gneiss or marble which have distinct layering. Halite and granite are unrelated to sandstone.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

This rock is created as quartz, felspar and other minerals are cemented and compacted together. We are used to finding this rock in deserts or sometimes, near the beach.

• Sandstone

• Quartzite

• Halite

• Conglomerate

• Limestone

Answer explanation

The rock described is sandstone, formed from the cementation and compaction of quartz, feldspar, and other minerals. It is commonly found in deserts and near beaches, matching the characteristics given in the question.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2