Unit 5 AP Environmental Science Review Quiz

How is the majority of usable energy within an ecosystem "lost?"

• Heat loss

• Energy used to grow biomass

• Cellular respiration

• Energy used to capture prey

• Heat is never lost; usable energy is passed on with 100% efficiency

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Which group of organisms performs cellular respiration?

I. autotrophs

II. Heterotrophs

III. Decomposers

• I only

• II only

• III only

• I and II

• I, II, and III

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Boreal forests tend to have a thick layer of organic material but the soil is poor in nutrients. What is the est explanation for this?

• The organic material is low in nutrients

• The rapid growth rate of plants uses the nutrients rapidly

• The soils have a low permeability and the nutrients do not dissolve in the soils

• Low precipitation rates and cold temperature slow decomposition

• The sandy soil allows the nutrients to percolate into the groundwater

Which biome has warm temperatures, high precipitation, and little seasonal variation due to its location near the equator?

• Boreal forest

• Subtropical desert

• Woodland/shrubland

• Tropical rain forest

• Temperate rain forest

Hypothesize a reason for an even distribution pattern among a particular species in a community

• The species form hierarchical social groups

• The species is breeding

• Resources are not limiting

• Members of species mate for life

• The species is territorial

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The intrinsic growth rate of a population is

• the number of yearly births in a population

• the number of yearly births minus the number of yearly deaths in a population

• the minimum number of births likely to occur in a population under ideal conditions

• the maximum potential for growth in a population under ideal conditions

• the minimum potential for growth in a population under ideal conditions

A biologist who studies interactions at the community level investigates interactions between

• organisms of one species

• populations of more than one species

• animals of one species

• social animals

• ecosystems

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Which of the following is NOT true of the general pattern of succession, from a recently disturbed terrestrial site to stable, self-sustaining forest community?

• A decrease in the number of grass species occurs

• Shade-loving tree species become dominant in the climax community

• Pioneer species give way to perennial, long-lived species

• Carbon that is involved in photosynthesis increases

• Total biomass tends to decrease

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The human population is currently following a roughly J-shaped curve. This means that the population is

• Growing more slowly than it did 100 years ago

• Changing in a cyclical pattern

• Shrinking at a small but steady rate

• Maintaining its current levels

• Increasing exponentially

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According to the theory of demographic transition, rapid growth occurs during phase

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5