CH07 Subsistence Patterns

A subsistence strategy may involve various elements. Which of the following traits most accurately define subsistence?

• How people make money

• How people grow, harvest, prepare, transport, market, and eat food

• How people eat, preserve, grow, and transport food

• How people preserve and market food

Which of the following is NOT a major food procurement strategy worldwide?

• Industrial agriculture

• horticulture

• intensive agriculture

• greenhouse cultivation

A society's environment _____.

• has no effect on its food-getting strategy

• absolutely determines the food-getting strategy that is its best adaptation

• influences its food-getting strategy and sets broad limitations

• sets very narrow limits on possible alternative food-getting strategies

Food deserts are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT ______.

• being located in an urban area

• having little or no access to fresh food

• having unlimited amounts of affordable food

• having large numbers of fast-food restaurants

The carrying capacity of an environment _____.

• is the uppermost level of productivity that is ecologically sound in an environment

• is solely determined by its technology, which can make an environment artificially sound

• influences only foraging societies, although there are still realistic limits on all environments

• refers only to the amount of wild plants and animals in an area

The food-getting strategy used by humans for most of their existence is _____.

• cattle herding

• intensive agriculture

• horticulture

• hunting and gathering

The Neolithic Revolution ______.

• caused all societies that existed at the time to become shifting cultivators

• freed people from ties to the land

• gave humans a measure of control over their food supply

• caused food-collecting societies to disappear

The development of crop cultivation makes specialization of labor possible because _____.

• there is little need for more technology

• group intelligence improves with a cereal-based diet

• more people can be free to engage in an activity other than food production since farming is more efficient than food collecting

• the extra time generated by more efficient technology allows people to go to school and learn much more complex trades

All of the following are results of the advent of maize farming EXCEPT _____.

• a 300% increase in bone lesions

• a drop in life expectancy

• an increase in nutrition

• a 50% increase in tooth enamel decay

The slash-and-burn method requires _____.

• an extensive land use system with a lengthy fallow period

• the use of purchased fertilizers to put nutrients back in the soil

• low biomass, so there is not much to interfere with planting

• the use of tractors or draft animals, minimizing the need for a labor force