Prokaryote Review

A unicellular organism with no nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles.

• Eukaryote

• Protist

• Prokaryote

Answer explanation

A prokaryote is a unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, distinguishing it from eukaryotes, which have these features. Therefore, the correct answer is prokaryote.

A spiral-shaped bacterium

• Spirillum

• Coccus

• Bacillus

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Spirillum, which refers to spiral-shaped bacteria. Coccus and Bacillus describe spherical and rod-shaped bacteria, respectively, making Spirillum the only choice that fits the description.

A rod/pill shaped bacterium

• Spirillum

• Coccus

• Bacillus

Answer explanation

The term 'Bacillus' refers to rod-shaped bacteria, making it the correct choice for a rod/pill shaped bacterium. 'Spirillum' describes spiral-shaped bacteria, while 'Coccus' refers to spherical bacteria.

A spherical bacterium

• Spirillum

• Coccus

• Bacillus

Answer explanation

A spherical bacterium is classified as a 'coccus'. In contrast, 'spirillum' refers to spiral-shaped bacteria, and 'bacillus' refers to rod-shaped bacteria. Therefore, 'coccus' is the correct answer.

A chain of bacteria

• Strepto

• Staphylo

Answer explanation

The term 'Strepto' refers to a chain of bacteria, derived from the Greek word for 'twisted'. In contrast, 'Staphylo' refers to clusters of bacteria. Therefore, 'Strepto' is the correct choice for a chain of bacteria.

A cluster of bacteria

• Strepto

• Staphylo

Answer explanation

The term 'Staphylo' refers to clusters of bacteria, specifically in grape-like arrangements. In contrast, 'Strepto' indicates bacteria that form chains. Therefore, 'Staphylo' is the correct choice for a cluster of bacteria.

The Domain Archaea contains Kingdom _________________.

• Archaebacteria

• Eubacteria

• Bacteria

• Monera

Answer explanation

The Domain Archaea is classified under the Kingdom Archaebacteria, which includes microorganisms distinct from Eubacteria and Bacteria. Therefore, the correct answer is Archaebacteria.

The Domain Bacteria contains Kingdom _________________.

• Archaebacteria

• Eubacteria

• Archaea

• Monera

Answer explanation

The Domain Bacteria includes the Kingdom Eubacteria, which consists of true bacteria. Archaebacteria and Archaea are separate domains, while Monera is an outdated classification that encompassed both Eubacteria and Archaebacteria.

The many short extensions that Bacteria use for movement and conjugation.

• Pilus (Plural = Pili)

• Flagellum (Plural = Flagella)

• Peptidoglycan

• Ribosome

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Pilus (plural = Pili), which are short extensions used by bacteria for movement and conjugation. Flagella are longer and primarily for movement, while peptidoglycan and ribosomes serve different functions.

The long, whip-like extension that some Bacteria use for movement.

• Pilus (Plural = Pili)

• Flagellum (Plural = Flagella)

• Peptidoglycan

• Ribosome

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Flagellum (plural Flagella), which are long, whip-like structures that some bacteria use for movement. Pili are used for attachment, while peptidoglycan is a component of the bacterial cell wall, and ribosomes are for protein synthesis.