Progressive Era

How did the Nineteenth Amendment expand the democratic process?

• By prohibiting discrimination in voting on the basis of race

• By eliminating the poll tax

• By prohibiting discrimination in voting on the basis of gender

• By lowering the voting age

The issue addressed in this political cartoon was later settled by —

• the creation of the Temperance Society

• the repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment

• the initiation of the Settlement House movement

• the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment

During the Progressive Era, one goal of state-level political reformers was to —

• prevent party leaders from amending campaign platforms

• increase the influence of business owners on regulatory legislation

• promote the principle of direct democracy

• limit the use of judicial review by circuit courts

The creation of initiative, referendum, and recall procedures during the Progressive Era resulted in —

• a system of separate schools for new immigrants

• the expansion of citizens’ direct participation in the democratic process

• a redistribution of the tax burden among citizens

• more sources of revenue for state governments

What was the most likely result of the publication of images such as this 1906 political cartoon?

• The government passed the Sherman Antitrust Act.

• Private companies refused to import foreign foods.

• The government passed the Pure Food and Drug Act.

• Labor unions protested unsafe working conditions.

How did the publication of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle contribute to a change in the relationship between government and business?

• Federal troops were mobilized to break strikes by labor unions.

• Government regulations requiring the inspection of food products were implemented.

• Congress created a regulatory agency to audit railroads.

• Laws were enacted that banned private companies from discriminating when hiring.

In response to public concern over issues raised by Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle, the federal government expanded its role in —

• working with labor unions to increase worker salaries

• taking responsibility for the safety of consumers

• setting limits on the growth of private industry

• implementing social welfare programs

One way the U.S. government responded to the problems caused by the conditions in this list was by —

• passing the Interstate Commerce Act

• implementing the silver standard for currency

• creating a federal jobs program for the unemployed

• establishing a new tax on capital gains

Which of the following occurred as a result of the Sherman Antitrust Act?

• Workers secured a greater share of company profits.

• The influence of labor unions on factory owners was reduced.

• The federal government could dissolve business monopolies.

• Businesses were required to pay fees to open overseas locations.

We conclude that this overpowering, irresistible tendency toward aggregation of capital and increase of size... cannot be arrested or even greatly impeded, and... instead of attempting to restrict either, we should hail every increase as something gained.... —Andrew Carnegie

The business practice described above eventually led to the enactment of legislation that —

• required reciprocity agreements between state governments

• protected domestic industries from foreign competition

• protected consumers by prohibiting monopolies

• guaranteed public access to corporate records