AP Human Geography Unit 6

The Human Development Index (HDI) includes measures of

• Access to knowledge

• A decent standard of living

• A long and healthy life

• All of the above

Gross National Income (GNI) per capita is adjusted for purchasing power parity

• so that countries with different costs of living may be more directly compared

• because otherwise large countries would have a higher GNI

• to compensate for income inequality

• because the role of different sectors of the economy varies between countries

• so that people can purchase more with their income

Which of the following education measures is the most forward-looking?

• mean years of schooling

• expected years of schooling

• pupil/teacher ratio

• high school graduation rate

• literacy rate

The Human Development Index (HDI) considers health by including

• cellular telephones per 1,000 persons

• the cost of medical care

• the unemployment rate

• the number of hospitals per 100,000 persons

• life expectancy at birth

Examining inequality within a country reveals that

• the inequality-adjusted HDI is usually close to the HDI.

• wealth is concentrated.

• developing countries have greater levels of inequality than developed countries.

• developed countries have greater levels of inequality than developing countries.

• inequality is lessening in developed countries.

The index that measures development for women using the same dimensions as the HDI is the

• Gender Inequality Index.

• Gender-related Development Index.

• female labor force participation rate.

• Gender Empowerment Measure.

• Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.

Women’s empowerment is measured in the Gender Inequality Index (GII) through the

• adolescent fertility rate.

• maternal mortality rate.

• Gender Empowerment Measure.

• percentage of women in the national legislature.

• female labor force participation rate.

The maternal mortality rate is an important measure of gender inequality because

• it varies widely by world region and is specific to women.

• both male and female infants are counted in the rate.

• countries with high maternal mortality have low total fertility.

• countries with high maternal mortality have low adolescent fertility.

• it is unrelated to control of reproduction.

The general relationship between HDI and GII is

• that higher HDIs are associated with higher GIIs.

• dependent on the number of women in a country.

• positive.

• that higher HDIs are associated with lower GIIs.

• there is no clear relationship.

Rostow’s model of development depends on

• subsidies to inefficient industries.

• international trade.

• investment spread evenly across all sectors of the economy.

• restrictions on imports.

• self-sufficiency.