Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 10

Ionizing radiation can be given

• externally.

• internally.

• both a and b.

• neither a, b, or c.

The most penetrating type of radiation is the

• alpha particle

• beta particle

• gamma ray

• uranium

When the strong force is not strong enough to hold unstable nuclei together permanently, _--.

• nuclear fusion occurs.

• a solid becomes a liquid.

• carbon-12 changes to carbon-14

• the nuclei decay.

The stability of an isotope nucleus depends on the _________-.

• atomic mass

• atomic number

• number of neutrons

• neturon-to-proton ratio

Both a fusion and a fision reaction _-

• cause chain reactions

• take place at room temperature

• produce energy

• use hydrogen as fuel

Thorium-234 has a half life of 24 days. If you started with a 100-g sample of thorium-234, how much would remain after 48 days?

• 100 g

• 10 g

• 50 g

• 25 g

Unwanted radioactive products formed during a nuclear reactions are called ____-.

• nuclear fuels

• nuclear wastes

• nuclear reactors

• fossil fuels

If a source of radiation is placed near _____________ cells, atoms in the cells can be ionized and can die or stop growing.

• thyroid

• cancer

• fat

• heart

Which of the following are common to both nuclear fission and fusion?

• Temperatures over 1 million degrees celsius

• matter is converted into energy

• the fuel must be in the plasma state

• A chain reaction is needed to start the reaction

The fuel used in a nuclear reactor usually comes from

• biomass

• coal

• hydrogen and helim

• uranium-238