Evolution Unit Quiz 3.22.19 7th hour

Which of the following is a fossil?

• a plant that has recently died
• a group of organisms that can reproduce
• a structure or organ that no longer functions
• a trace of an organisms that existed in the past

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What is suggested by the anatomical similarity of different species of vertebrates?

• no evolutionary relationships between the groups

• recent common ancestry

• similar environments in the past

• evolution from a distant common ancestor

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Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as

• vestigial structures
• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• fossil structures

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What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive better in its environemtn?

• variation

• adaptation

• homologous structure

• vestigial structure

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The gradual change in species over time is...

• Evolution
• Nucleotide 
• Adaptation
• Natural Selection

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When all of the organisms of a species have died it is called

• evolution
• extinction
• adaptation
• natural selection

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Darwin referred to this as survival of the fittest. Over time, it results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a population because organisms with adaptations that make them fit for their environment will survive and reproduce better than those without favorable traits.

• Natural Selection
• Genetic Variation
• Survival of the Fittest

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Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

• Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
• Because they come from dominant alleles.
• Because they come from recessive alleles.
• Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

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A slow constant rate of change is ...

• gradualism

• gene flow

• mutations

• hybridization

In the frigid waters of the ocean surrounding Antarctica, fish have a special trait which allows them to survive the big chill. As scientists discovered in the 1960s, the fish have adapted by evolving a kind of antifreeze. It's composed of molecules called glycoproteins that circulate in the blood of the fishes, slightly lowering the temperature at which their body fluids would otherwise freeze and kill them. The glycoproteins surround tiny ice crystals and keep them from growing. The fish at the other pole of the globe also have a similar protein. It was, however, seen as a mutation after they had diverged from the southern species.

• Phyletic Speciation

• Adaptive Radiation

• Convergent Evoltion

• Divergent Evoltuion

• Co-evolution

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