review for the SGO

In which type of interaction between species does one species benefit by harming another species.

• predation

• parasitism

• mutualism

• commensalism

Large populations of tortoises inhabited the Galapagos Islands before humans. When humans settled on the islands and introduced goats, the number of tortoises declined. What is most likely the explanation for the decrease in the tortoise population?

• a Goats consume tortoise hatchlings.

• Goats pollute water sources

• Goats compete with tortoises for vegetation

• Goats contribute to soil erosion

Large quantities of oil are transported by sea to satisfy the energy needs of the United States. Which environmental question should be considered the most when dealing with this issue?

• What is the fastest method to bring the oil supply to the public

• What preventive measures can be taken against oil spills?

• What new technologies can increase fossil fuel usage?

• What is the cap on gasoline prices for the public?

Biologists have discovered that the beluga whales of Canada’s St. Lawrence River have the highest rates of cancer among animals. What is most likely the reason for this high incidence of cancer in these whales?

• chemical and pollutant runoff into the ocean

• average temperatures increased in the region

• depletion of natural prey from the ecosystem

• increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

Scientists frequently monitor levels of microorganisms at beaches in the summer time. High temperatures, pollution, runoff, and illegal dumping all affect water quality. What do these scientific efforts illustrate?

• Pollution can be eliminated through water testing.

• High temperatures increase runoff from agricultural fields.

• Water testing identifies origination of illegal dumping

• Monitoring water quality is important to public health

Many fertilizers contain organic materials that are helpful to an orchard but have a different effect when rain causes them to run off into a freshwater ecosystem. How does the addition of organic waste from fertilizers most commonly affect freshwater ecosystems?

• increasing biodiversity

• increasing water clarity

• decreasing algae blooms

• decreasing oxygen levels

How has man influenced the carbon cycle and increased the amount of carbon in the atmosphere?

• Burning coal

• cutting down trees

• Burning oil

• All the above

Which of the following pairs belong to the same population

• Two people living in New York City

• A rose and sunflower

• zebra and a horse

• a hippopotamus and a lion

During this century the human population most likely

• it will stay constant

• it will increase rapidly

• it will grow logistically

• it will grow exponentially

Age structure data include all the following except

• . members of a population who are between 5 and 70 years old.

• the ratio of males to females in a population.

• the amount of population changes due to immigration or emigration

• the ratio of older people to younger people in a population