Unit E

1. Why do earthquakes occur near the San Andreas fault?

• One plate slowly pushes the other plate up.

• A trench is created as one plate slides under the other plate.

• Portions of the plates get stuck and then suddenly loosen and move.

• One plate pushes hard enough to reverse the motion of the other plate.

2. Which layer of Earth is divided into plates?

• Outer core

• Crust

• Inner core

• Mantle

The solid, rocky layer of the Earth is the:

• lithosphere

• asthenosphere

• outer core

• inner core

4. Which best describes the movement of the tectonic plates?

• gravitational pull between the Earth and the moon

• convection occurring beneath the Earth’s crust

• energy produced by earthquakes within the Earth

• rotation of liquid rock found within the core

5. What are the characteristics of the layers of the earth?

• Earth has a thin solid crust, a putty like mantle, a molten liquid outer core, and a solid iron inner core.

• Earth has a thick crust, a putty like mantle, a molten liquid outer core, and a solid iron inner core.

• Earth has a thin solid crust, a fully solid mantle, a molten liquid outer core, and a solid iron inner core.

• Earth has a thin solid crust, a putty like mantle, a solid outer core, and a liquid inner core.

6. Which most likely occurs when two plates drift apart?

• The plates will stop moving

• The plates will form a trench

• The plates will form a mountain

• The plates will break into pieces

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7.The diagram shows a conical section of the earth from its outer surface to the center of the earth. The region of earth represented by the bottom of the triangular section is:

• crust

• mantle

• inner core

• outer core

8. The diagram shows the motion of two plates. Which of these explains the feature that can form at the boundary of these two plates?

• A broad canyon-like valley because the two colliding plates act like a plow, digging out any soil in the plates’ paths

• Volcanic mountain range because one oceanic plate melts underneath the continental plate, forming composite volcanoes on the continent

• Island arc because one oceanic plate melts underneath the continental plate, forming volcanic mountains that eventually become islands

• Folded mountain range because the two colliding plates have equal composition and density, causing both to fold and form wide, thick mountains

9. If we compare the temperature and pressure of the Earth's mantle to the core, what differences can we expect as we move downward into the Earth?

• Both the temperature and pressure increase.

• Both the temperature and pressure decrease.

• The temperature decreases and the pressure increases.

• The temperature increases and the pressure decreases.

Which of the following lists the layers of the Earth in order of increasing density?

• Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust

• Outer Core, Inner Core, Crust, Mantle

• Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core

• Mantle, Crust, Outer Core, Inner Core