Module 37: AP Psychology

Instinct theory is related to the _____ perspective of psychology.

• motivational

• evolutionary

• arousal

• drive-reduction

• self-actualization

Which of the following is a conclusion that can be drawn from the Yerkes-Dodson law?

• Performance on easy tasks is best when arousal is low.

• Performance is best when arousal is extremely high.

• Performance is best when arousal is extremely low.

• Performance on difficult tasks is best when arousal is high.

• Performance is best when arousal is moderate.

Which of the following is the most basic motive in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

• Belongingness and love needs

• Physiological needs

• Esteem needs

• Self-actualization needs

• Self-transcendence needs

Motivation is defined by psychologists as

• an impulse to accomplish something of significance.

• rigidly patterned behavior characteristic of all people.

• a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal.

• the cause of behavior.

• an external reward or goal that pushes a person toward accomplishments.

Which theory of motivation most clearly emphasizes the importance of genetic predispositions?

• drive-reduction theory

• instinct theory

• hierarchy of needs theory

• arousal theory

• incentive theory

Homeostasis, which is the goal of drive reduction, is defined as

• a desire to perform behavior in return for rewards.

• a rigidly patterned behavior characteristic of an entire species.

• an aroused or activated state that is often triggered by a physiological need.

• the body's tendency to maintain a constant internal state.

• a physical need that usually triggers motivational arousal.

Which theory most clearly emphasizes the importance of homeostasis in motivation?

• instinct theory

• drive-reduction theory

• arousal theory

• hierarchy of needs theory

• evolutionary theory

Positive and negative environmental stimuli that motivate behavior are called

• needs.

• incentives.

• set points.

• drives.

• instincts.

The idea that one should be alert but not overly aroused to perform best on a test is most closely related to which of the following?

• homeostasis

• instinct theory

• incentives

• a hierarchy of motives

• the Yerkes-Dodson law

Maslow referred to the needs for purpose and meaning that lie beyond the self as

• belongingness needs.

• self-esteem needs.

• self-transcendence needs.

• self-actualization needs.

• homeostasis needs.