Biodiversity and Evolution

The evolutionary process where a new species arise is called _____

• artificial selection

• genetic variation

• natural selection

• speciation

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A species of sea animals lived and bred for thousands of years. Suddenly, the sea level changed and the bodies of the species developed in order to accommodate the change in their environment. From then on, this species is evolutionary different from their ancestors. This is an example of _____.

• gradualism

• natural selection

• punctuated equilibrium

• speciation

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A large population is less likely to undergo speciation compared to a small and isolated population because a population _____

• is more susceptible to gene flow

• is more affected by a genetic drift

• is more subject to errors during meiosis

• contains a greater amount of genetic diversity

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Which example shows genetic variation in a species?

• hair color

• different types of maize

• different eye colors in humans

• none of the above

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Which of the following is NOT true about speciation?

• it is a result of macroevolution

• geographic isolations leads to speciation

• it is an evolutionary process where a new species may arise

• none of the above

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Which of the following situations is an example of natural selection?

• the growing number of pest-resistant insects

• the disappearance of short-necked giraffe due to scarcity of food

• the appearance of peppered moths and scarcity of white moths due to the Industrial Revolution

• All of the above

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How can mutation be passed down to future generations?

• through direct skin contact

• if the next generation asks for the mutation

• if the mutation occurs in gamete-producing cells

• eating the same things the previous generations ate

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Evolution is a process that generally takes _____ to accomplish

• days

• weeks

• months

• years

Speciation _____ an ecosystem's biodiversity.

• decreases

• destabilizes

• has no effect on

• increases

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What is the primary cause of sympatric speciation?

• interbreeding between two closely related species, resulting in hybrid offspring

• sudden reduction of population size due to destructive events (such as natural disasters)

• errors during cell division, resulting in the formation of an extra set/s of chromosomes

• formation of reproductive barriers, preventing the separated populations from breeding with each other