Chapter 7 Review

What can a geologist learn about a rock by studying its mineral texture?

• A rock that has large crystals cooled slowly.

• A rock that has no visible crystals is igneous.

• A rock that has small, parallel crystal grains is sedimentary.

• A rock that has jagged grains formed during a volcanic eruption.

Which mineral has a cubic crystal structure?

• Gold

• Quartz

• Halite

• Stibnite

Most minerals do not split apart evenly. These minerals are described as having a characteristic type of which property?

• Luster

• Crystal

• Streak

• Fracture

Which property is described as being metallic for shiny minerals, such as galena?

• Streak

• Luster

• Texture

• Cleavage

Which property of a mineral can be examined by studying the color of the mineral's powder?

• Streak

• Luster

• Density

• Hardness

In which process does dissolved minerals and particles of sediment stick together to form sedimentary rock?

• Foliation

• Compaction

• Solidification

• Cementation

Which type of rock forms when magma cools below Earth's surface?

• Clastic rock

• Igneous rock

• Sedimentary rock

• Metamorphic rock

A rock sample shows a pattern of wavy bands as a result of high heat and pressure. How should this sample be classified?

• Igneous rock

• Organic rock

• sedimentary rock

• metamorphic rock

In order, which sequence of processes is responsible for the formation of most sedimentary rocks?

• Deposition, weathering and erosion, cementation, and compaction

• Weathering and erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation

• Weathering and erosion, cementation, deposition, and compaction

• Deposition, weathering and erosion, compaction, and cementation

What roles do weathering and erosion play in the formation of sedimentary rocks?

• They break existing rock into pieces and transport them to other locations.

• They press and glue rock pieces together that have been deposited in layers.

• They change exisitng rock into sedimentary rock through the action of heat and pressure.

• They provide the energy necessary to melt existing rock and solidify it into sedimentary rock.