11.2 The Scientific Revolution

What factor sparked the start of the Scientific Revolution?

• the increasing popularity of Niccolo Machiavelli's writings

• the renewed interest in religious texts from Ancient Greece

• the scientific investigations of Leonardo da Vinci

• the humanist thought that developed in Europe during the Renaissance

Which activity was central to the process of learning that was developed during the Scientific Revolution?

• explaining the past

• constructing laboratories

• analyzing government documents

• observing the physical universe

The Catholic Church considered some thinkers of the Scientific Revolution to be heretics because they

• challenged established scientific knowledge

• questioned claims made in biblical passages

• provided explanations for the workings of nature

• believed science was the highest moral authority

Which statement explains the role of Islam in the development of the Scientific Revolution?

• Muslim scholars preserved the influential works of ancient Greek thinkers.

• Muslim thinkers developed and perfected the modern scientific method.

• Islamic rulers in Europe provided funding for scientific research and technological innovation.

• Islamic artists developed geometric forms that influenced European thinkers to see the world differently.

The work of Nicolaus Copernicus had the most direct influence on the work of

• Galileo Galilei

• Isaac Newton

• Johannes Kepler

• Leonarda da Vinci

The work of which scientist was most strongly condemned by the Catholic Church?

• Leonardo da Vinci

• Galileo Galilei

• Johannes Kepler

• Isaac Newton

During the Scientific Revolution, European scientists focused their work on explaining

• the workings of the natural world

• the presence of the divine in nature

• the effects of society on the individual

• the workings of advanced technologies

Which accomplishment best replaces the question mark in the diagram?

• improved the telescope

• made discoveries in optics

• invented the balance scale

• proposed the heliocentric model

Which view was criticized most strongly by the thinkers who led the Scientific Revolution?

• The main reason to investigate nature is to bring improvements to human life.

• The ancient Greeks and Romans understood the world better than modern Europeans.

• The values and morals that should govern human life differ from one society to another.

• The Bible provides adequate answers to all of humanity's questions about the natural world.

What was the main difference between the theories of Johannes Kepler and Nicolaus Copernicus?

• the shape of the planetary orbits

• the importance of testing predictions

• the celestial body at the center of the universe

• the reason for the apparent rising and setting of the sun