Ecology Review- 11B, 11C, 11D

How does human development of land effect the carrying capacity in a given area for a species other than humans?

• It is unaffected

• It increases but then quickly decreases

• It is decreased

• It is increased

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How would an increase in prey affect the carrying capacity of a particular ecosystem?

• It would decrease

• It would have no effect

• It would decrease suddenly and then slowly increase

• It would increase

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How would a sudden increase in parasites, within a population, affect the population's growth?

• The birth rate would increase

• The growth rate would continue at a steady pace

• The growth rate would be unaffected

• The death rate would increase

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Which of the following is the most crucial role of fungi in a balanced ecosystem?

• They act as autotrophs that turn energy from the sun into glucose and oxygen

• They serve as decomposers and recycle nutrients

• They serve as tertiary consumers

• They serve as primary consumers

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Some bacteria benefit mammals by helping with-

• growth

• defense

• digestion

• respiration

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In what manner do bacteria cause disease?

• They damage tissue and release toxins

• They cause cracks in the skin, which allows dirt to enter

• They generate heat that kills nearby cells

• They integrate themselves into the host cell's DNA

Some bacteria benefit mammals by helping with digestion. When a person becomes ill with a bacterial infection a doctor will prescribe antibiotics. Certain antibiotics cause patients to exhibit digestive side effects. These side effects are most often the result of-

• bacteria being killed in the digestive tract

• the antibiotics being converted into stomach acids

• too much water being drawn into the digestive tract

• The stomach wall being torn

How do antibiotics work to destroy a bacterial cell?

• Antibiotics destroy the nucleus of the bacterial cells

• Antibiotics break down the endoplasmic reticulum of bacterial cells

• Antibiotics break down the cell wall of the bacterial cell

• Antibiotics invade the nucleus of bacterial cells and destroy the DNA

Which response usually occurs after an individual receives a vaccination for influenza virus?

• Antigens from the vaccine deactivate the virus

• Hormones in the blood inhibit reproduction of the virus

• Enzymes released from platelets kill the virus

• Antibodies against the virus form in the blood

Pioneer species are species which colonize previously uncolonized land, usually leading to ecological succession. They are the first organisms to start the chain of events leading to a livable biosphere or ecosystem. Why is a lichen most likely to be a pioneer species?

• The mutualistic relationship of species forming a lichen allows it to survive independently

• The lichen is fast growing and provides a nutritious food source for many other species

• The lichen does not require sunlight to survive

• The lichen is a decomposer that digests rocks and forms soil