Evolution of Populations

When investigating shell color of a species of snail found only in a remote area seldom visited by humans, scientists discovered the distribution of individuals that is shown in the graph in Figure 11.1. Based on the information shown in the graph, what form of selection is the snail population undergoing?

• stabilizing selection

• disruptive selection

• artificial selection

• directional selection

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Which type of natural selection shown in Figure 11-3 favors average individuals?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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Which type of natural selection shown in Figure 11-3 would favor giraffes that need to reach the tallest branches to eat?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between natural selection and evolution?

• natural selection results from evolution

• natural selection includes evolution as a part of it

• natural selection is one mechanism of evolution

• natural selection and evolution are the same thing

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A population diverges and becomes reproductively isolated. Which of the following is the best description of that phenomenon?

• speciation

• bottleneck

• postzygotic isolation

• sexual selection

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A measure of how commonly a particular allele occurs in a population is known as the

• gene pool

• allele frequency

• mutation rate

• phenotype

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Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene. This change is called a(n)

• mutation

• gene flow

• gene pool

• allele

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In a population of birds, intermediate beak size is selected against, and both very small and very large beak sizes are favored. What type of selection is this an example of?

• directional

• disruptive

• normal

• stabilizing

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An earthquake causes an ocean channel to open up on an island where a low area previously existed. The island's lizard population is not separated on the two parts of the island, providing an example of

• geographic isolation

• behavioral isolation

• disruptive selection

• temporal isolation

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What kind of isolation occurs when two populations of birds have different courtship dances?

• geographic

• sexual

• temporal

• behavioral

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