Muslim Empires

This dynasty ruled from 661 to 750 and its capital was Damascus in Syria. They expanded their empire to include central Asia, Afghanistan, northern Africa, & Spain. They organized their government after the Byzantines & allowed groups to practice their own religion. Arabic becomes the common language of the Muslim Empire.

• Abbasid Dynasty

• After Muhammad (The Four Caliphs)

• Seljuk Turks

• Umayyad Dynasty

• Ottoman Empire

This dynasty ruled from 1055 to 1092 and its capital was Baghdad. They started out invading the previous dynasty's territory and then were hired as mercenaries. Leaders were in charge of the government and the army, but let the previous dynasty oversee (look after) the religion. The dynasty ended up breaking into small states and then the Mongols invaded the area.

• Abbasid Dynasty

• After Muhammad (The Four Caliphs)

• Seljuk Turks

• Umayyad Dynasty

• Ottoman Empire

This dynasty ruled from 622 to 632 and its capital was Medina and then Mecca. The dynasty was an Islamic state. The government used its political power to uphold (defend) Islam. Laws were based on laws given by God and covered all parts of life. Loyalty was to the Islamic state rather than the tribe.

• Muhammad's Government

• After Muhammad (The Four Caliphs)

• Mughals

• Umayyad Dynasty

• Ottoman Empire

This dynasty ruled from 1299 to 1914 (WWI) and its capital was Istanbul. It started out as one of the small states created after the previous dynasty lost power. They were the Muslim dynasty that was able to conquer Constantinople and they changed the name of the city to Istanbul. They had a special group called janissaries who were Christian boys converted to Islam who fought for the dynasty. The dynasty was eventually divided and became modern countries like Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, etc.

• Muhammad's Government

• After Muhammad (The Four Caliphs)

• Mughals

• Umayyad Dynasty

• Ottoman Empire

This dynasty ruled from 1526 to 1707 and its capital was in Delhi. They were descendants of the Mongols. The dynasty traded with Europe, the Ottoman Empire, the Far East, and Africa. Their most famous ruler was Akbar and the dynasty experienced a golden age under him. Later rulers wasted money on wars and building projects like the Taj Mahal.

• Muhammad's Government

• After Muhammad (The Four Caliphs)

• Mughals

• Umayyad Dynasty

• Ottoman Empire

This dynasty ruled from 750 to 1055 and again in 1092 to 1258 and its capital was Baghdad. The dynasty brought in a Persian influence. They grew wealthy due to trade and encouraged learning and the arts. The ruler became the religious leader of the next dynasty & eventually regained power.

• Abbasid Dynasty

• After Muhammad (The Four Caliphs)

• Seljuk Turks

• Umayyad Dynasty

• Ottoman Empire

This dynasty ruled from 632 to 661 and its capital was Mecca. Each of the rulers had a personal connection to the Prophet. During this dynasty, the empire conquered Syria, Palestine, Mesopotamia, Persia, Egypt, and Libya and the religion of Islam split into two groups, Sunni & Shiites.

• Abbasid Dynasty

• After Muhammad (The Four Caliphs)

• Seljuk Turks

• Umayyad Dynasty

• Ottoman Empire

What areas did the Ottoman Empire include?

• It included only the Arabian Peninsula.

• It included only India.

• It included S.E. Europe, N. Africa, the E. Mediterranean, parts of the Middle East, & the Arabian Peninsula.

• It included all of the Arabian Peninsula, India, Persia, N. Africa, Afghanistan, and Spain.

How did the Ottoman Empire grow?

• It grew due to conquests.

• It grew due to purchases.

• It grew due to trade.

• Both A and C.

How was Mughal India a cultural center?

• It had many universities, museums, and good restaurants.

• It was a center for scientists, mathematicians, inventors, etc.

• It was a center for scholars of all religions, artists, poets, etc.

• It had scholars who studied and recorded the culture of the people.