Quiz about Geology, Geologic Time, & Change Over Time Review

Question 1

Which type of rock results from melting and cooling of magma?

Accepted Answer

Igneous

Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Extrusive

Question 2

Which type of rock forms from extreme heat and pressure?

Accepted Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Igneous

Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Organic

Question 3

Rock that forms when sediment from older rocks get pressed and cemented together.

Accepted Answer

Sedimentary Rock

Answer

Metamorphic Rock

Answer

Igneous Rock

Question 4

Wind, water, and ice breaking down rock is called

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Compaction

Question 5

What is the MAIN way rocks are classified?

Accepted Answer

How they form

Answer

Their color and shapes

Answer

Mineral bands

Answer

Where they form

Question 6

Fossils are often found in ____________ because it is formed from the remains of once living things.

Accepted Answer

sedimentary

Answer

metamorphic

Answer

magma

Answer

igneous

Question 7

What type of fossil is this?

Accepted Answer

Cast

Answer

Mold

Answer

Preserved remains

Answer

Trace fossil

Question 8

Which layer is oldest?

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

W

Answer

G

Answer

Z

Question 9

Which is an example of a trace fossil?

Accepted Answer

all of the answers given here

Answer

animal tracks

Answer

nests

Answer

burrows

Question 10

What is an example of an index fossil?

Accepted Answer

trilobites or ammonites

Answer

t-rex fossils

Answer

insect in amber

Answer

woolly mammoth fossils

Question 11

What is a fossil?

Accepted Answer

the remains or physical evidence of an organism preserved by geologic processes

Answer

fossils can be preserved in rock, amber, asphalt, or ice

Answer

any naturally preserved evidence of animal activity

Answer

fossil of an organism that lived during a relatively short period of time

Question 12

Which of the following would NOT help an organism become fossilized?

Accepted Answer

soft body parts

Answer

shell

Answer

skeleton

Answer

buried quickly with sediment

Question 13

A _______ is a hollow area in sediment in the shape of an organism or part of an organism.

Accepted Answer

mold

Answer

cast

Answer

petrified fossil

Answer

trace fossil

Question 14

_______________ are fossils in which minerals replace all or part of an organism.

Accepted Answer

petrified fossils

Answer

carbon films

Answer

trace fossils

Answer

amber

Question 15

All the information that paleontologists have gathered about past life is called the _____

Accepted Answer

fossil record

Answer

geologic time

Answer

geologic eras

Answer

fossil eras

Question 16

This type of fossil is a stone "copy"....also called petrification.

Accepted Answer

mineral replacement

Answer

preserved remains

Answer

cast

Answer

mold

Question 17

Which of the following orders the rock layers accurately from oldest to youngest?

Accepted Answer

B, G, C, D, E, H, A, F

Answer

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H

Answer

B, F, G, C, D, H, A, E

Answer

F, A, H, E, D, C, G, B

Question 18

Earth elements decay and change into another element in a process called_____________.

Accepted Answer

radioactive decay

Answer

radiation

Answer

isotope

Answer

half-life

Question 19

The __________of rocks is the numerical age and real age of rocks.

Accepted Answer

absolute age

Answer

relative age

Answer

half-life

Answer

earth age

Question 20

All organisms contain the element_________, so it is used to find the ages of fossils.

Accepted Answer

carbon-14

Answer

carbon-12

Answer

carbon

Answer

carbon age

Question 21

Geologist use the time it takes for a radioactive isotope to decay to half its original mass called a___________.

Accepted Answer

half-life

Answer

radioactive decay

Answer

isotope

Answer

carbon dating

Question 22

The statement that the oldest layer will be at the bottom in an undisturbed sequence of rock layers is called the Law of ....

Accepted Answer

Superposition

Answer

Inclusions

Answer

Unconformities

Answer

Cross-Cutting Relationships

Question 23

The age of a rock compared to the ages of other rocks is the rock's

Accepted Answer

relative age

Answer

absolute age

Answer

geologic age

Answer

sedimentary age

Question 24

Letter "F" is a....

Accepted Answer

fault

Answer

inclusion

Answer

intrusion

Answer

unconformity

Question 25

Which is the most accurate form of absolute dating?

Accepted Answer

radiometric dating

Answer

erosion rate

Answer

deposition rate

Answer

index fossils

Question 26

Which is the most recent era of time- the one that we are currently in?

Accepted Answer

Cenozoic

Answer

Mesozoic

Answer

Paleozoic

Answer

Precambrian

Question 27

Paleozoic, Mesozoic & Cenozoic are all

Accepted Answer

Eras

Answer

Epochs

Answer

Periods

Answer

Eons

Question 28

Known as the age of the mammals?

Accepted Answer

Cenozoic Era

Answer

Mesozoic Era

Answer

Holocene Epoch

Answer

Cambrian

Question 29

The disappearance of a species.

Accepted Answer

Extinction

Answer

Evolution

Answer

Migration

Answer

Mutation

Question 30

The era that dinosaurs ruled the Earth's land, air and oceans.

Accepted Answer

Mesozoic

Answer

Cenozoic

Answer

Paleozoic

Answer

Precambrian

Question 31

What era did the formation of the earth occur?

Accepted Answer

Precambrian

Answer

Paleozoic

Answer

Cenozoic

Answer

Cambrian

Question 32

What type of event usually marks the end of an Era

Accepted Answer

A Mass Extinction

Answer

A Quinceanera

Answer

An earthquake

Answer

A Volcanic Eruption

Question 33

What are the four eras in order from OLDEST to NEWEST?

Accepted Answer

Pre-Cambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic

Answer

Pre-Cambrian, Mesozoic, Paleozoic, Cenozoic

Answer

Cenozoic, Mesozoic, Paleozoic, Pre-Cambrian

Answer

Mesozoic, Pre-Cambrian, Cenozoic, Paleozoic

Question 34

What era did trilobites, fishes, and other marine organisms dominate?

Accepted Answer

Paleozoic

Answer

Precambrian

Answer

Mesozoic

Answer

Cenozoic

Question 35

At the end of this era, multi-cellular organisms like sponges, jellyfish and worms filled the oceans.

Accepted Answer

Precambrian Era

Answer

Paleozoic Era

Answer

Mesozoic Era

Answer

Cenozoic Era

Question 36

Which era ended with the K-T extinction, probably due to an asteroid?

Accepted Answer

Mesozoic

Answer

Paleozoic

Answer

Phanerozoic

Answer

Cenozoic

Question 37

Which of the following are not early invertebrates that existed during the Paleozoic era?

Accepted Answer

amphibians

Answer

arachnid

Answer

trilobite

Answer

crustaceans

Question 38

Select the best definition for adaptation:

Accepted Answer

trait or characteristic that causes an organism to survive & reproduce

Answer

survival of the fittest

Answer

only the strong will survive

Answer

evolution by means of natural selection

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT an example of structural adaptation?

Accepted Answer

camouflage

Answer

molar teeth

Answer

large wingspan

Answer

pointed ears

Question 40

What was the name of the scientist who had the theory of evolution?

Accepted Answer

Darwin

Answer

Lamarck

Answer

Einstein

Answer

Washington

Question 41

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

Accepted Answer

Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Answer

Because they look cooler.

Answer

Because they come from recessive alleles.

Answer

Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

Question 42

What is it called when better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to their offspring.

Accepted Answer

Natural Selection

Answer

Evolution

Answer

Extinction

Answer

Artifical Selection

Question 43

Mutations are a change in what?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Answer

tRNA

Answer

genotype

Answer

phenotype

Question 44

"Survival of the Fittest" describes which theory

Accepted Answer

a) natural selection

Answer

b) gravity

Answer

c) heredity

Answer

d) string theory

Question 45

What are the evidences for Evolution?

Accepted Answer

All the above

Answer

Fossil Records

Answer

Embryology

Answer

Similar body structure

Question 46

Change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.

Accepted Answer

Evolution

Answer

Extinction

Answer

Genetic variation

Answer

Natural Resources

Question 47

Differences among individuals in the composition of their genes or other DNA segments.

Accepted Answer

Genetic Variation

Answer

Natural Selection

Answer

Derived traits

Answer

Adaptation

Question 48

An example of an analogous structure includes:

Accepted Answer

wing of a butterfly and bird wing

Answer

bird wing and human arm

Answer

rat appendix and human appendix

Question 49

The diagram shows an image of a Pterosaur wing, bat wing, and bird wing.  These are all different organisms, but share similar wing structures.  If these structures are similar due to common ancestry, which of the following best describes them?

Accepted Answer

c.  Homologous Structures

Answer

a.  Vestigial Organ

Answer

b.  Embryological Similarities

Answer

d.  Analogous Structures

Question 50

The hind leg bones in a whale are examples of

Accepted Answer

vestigal structures

Answer

homologous structures

Answer

analogous structures

Answer

fossils

Question 51

What shows scientists how the environment has changed over time?

Accepted Answer

fish fossils in desert regions

Answer

size of the human population

Answer

locations of rain forests

Answer

average daily temperature

Question 52

What information can we learn from ice cores?

Accepted Answer

We can learn how the climate has changed.

Answer

We can learn how the dinosaurs died

Answer

We can learn about droughts

Question 53

What does the principle of uniformatarianism say?

Accepted Answer

forces that act to gradually change the Earth's surface today have acted upon the Earth's surface in the past

Answer

layer's of sedimentary rocks contain many fossils

Answer

older rocks are below younger rocks

Answer

the Earth's continents were once joined

Geology, Geologic Time, & Change Over Time Review

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