Ranching and Railroads

What was the largest ranch in Texas during the 1880s?

• TX

• PHT

• XLT

• XIT

Which trail did not go through Indian Territory?

• Goodnight-Loving Trail

• Western Trail

• Chisholm Trail

• Shawnee Trail

What ended open-range cattle herding in the late 1800s?

• Oil wells

• Barbed wire

• Railroads

• Telegraph

How did barbed wire help farmers settle in West Texas?

• It helped expand railroads into the area

• It helped crops by providing protection from cattle

• It gave people a way to earn money

• It provided growth of protected land

What did the final destination of all the cattle trails have in common?

• All led to highways where cattle would be shipped to the East to be sold

• All went through Indian Territory for trade with Native Americans

• All led to railroads where cattle would be shipped to the East to be sold

• Some went to railroad cities to be sold at auction

In what direction did the cattle trails go?

• West

• South

• East

• North

Why were the rivers important on the Goodnight-Loving Trail?

• They provided a path for the trail

• They were used for moving cattle north

• They provided water for the cattle

• They were used as landmarks to travel along

Who originally brought cattle to Texas?

• Mexicans

• Spanish

• Americans

• French

How was the long-horn well suited for open-range ranching?

• They could survive through hot and cold weather but not walk long distances.

• They had a hard time surviving in cold weather but not hot weather.

• They could stand up to hold/cold weather easily and walk long distances.

• They had long legs that allowed them to roam farther and more easily.

What event cause the mass movement of Native Americans west to Indian Territory?

• Battle of New Orleans

• Widespread drought

• Indian Removal Act

• Louisiana Purchase