A model of a biological process is shown. What is the purpose of this process?

To translate the genetic code into a specific sequence of amino acids

To replicate the DNA of an organism before cell division

To assemble nucleotides in an mRNA chain along a DNA template

To synthesize amino acids used to unzip strands of DNA and copy the genetic code

The initial steps in gene expression are modeled below. Double-stranded DNA first unwinds into two strands. Which process and product are represented in Diagram 2?

Process: transcription; product: mRNA

Process: translation; product: protein

Process: replication; product: tRNA

Process: recombination; product: polymerase

Different types of mutations can occur in DNA.The diagram represents a type of mutation. Which statement describes the mutation in the diagram?

A base is inserted into one strand of the DNA.

A silent mutation results in the insertion of a different amino acid.

A substitution occurs with the adenine base.

A deletion of a cytosine base occurs.

Which of these is the direct result of an error in the transcription of a DNA nucleotide?

The nuclear membrane is ruptured.

Amino acids do not bond to tRNA.

Transportation ofmRNA does not occur.

The arctic fox inhabits northern areas of North America. The same arctic fox is shown in the drawing at different times of the year. What causes this change in fur color?

Gene expression for fur color is regulated by temperature.

The arctic fox has two traits for fur color that are determined at birth.

The alleles for fur color change as the arctic fox grows older.

Gene expression for fur color is regulated by latitude.

Part of an important cellular process involving a DNA strand is modeled below. What is the purpose of this cellular process?

Transcribing information in the DNA sequence for use by the cell.

Preserving genetic information for future generations.

Deleting the information in the sequence produced from the DNA template.

Producing more nucleotides for the DNA sequence.

13. A segment of DNA is shown below. 3’ – T A C A G G G T G C T A C C C A C T -5’ Which is the peptide chain produced when the DNA segment is translated?

Methionine, serine, histidine, aspartate, glycine

Methionine, phenylalanine, histidine, aspartate, glycine

Methionine, proline, histidine, aspartate, glycine

Methionine, serine, histidine, aspartate, valine

In 1917 the biologist Thomas Hunt Morgan conducted studies in which he kept some caterpillars in the dark and placed some others under red, green, or blue lights. Exposure to red light produced butterflies with brightly colored wings. Exposure to green light resulted in dark-colored wings. Exposure to blue light or no light resulted in pale-colored wings. What was the most likely conclusion of Morgan’s research?

The genes regulating wing color in butterflies are influenced by environmental factors.

The pigment in butterfly wings absorbs light from the environment.

The phenotypic expression of wing shape depends on color pigmentation in butterflies.

Caterpillars exposed to red and green light are healthier than caterpillars exposed to no light or blue light.

In 1952 Rosalind Franklin took the x-ray photograph shown below, which gave the world its first look at DNA. By studying this photograph, scientists gained knowledge about the —

role of DNA in protein synthesis

mutation of nucleotide sequences in DNA

sequence of DNA that makes up the human genome

The sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA varies widely. The sequence of the bases in DNA is most important for which of the following?

Providing the instructions for the traits of an organism

Preventing mutations from occurring during DNA replication

Allowing the DNA to have the shape necessary for replication

Helping form the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA molecules

A model of a DNA molecule is shown. The arrow indicates —

the hydrogen bond between complementary nucleotides

the bond between adjacent phosphate and deoxyribose molecules

the junction of introns and exons in the sense strand of DNA

the junction of a codon and a DNA triplet

DNA molecules contain the genetic information that determines the characteristics of a living organism. How do DNA molecules express the genetic information they contain?

by directing the process of protein synthesis

by breaking down proteins within the cell

by regulating the storage of cellular proteins

by controlling the movement of protein molecules

Somatic (body) cell mutations can occur in organisms under certain conditions. The mutated DNA only affects the somatic cells and has no effect on future offspring because -

only changes to gamete DNA can be inherited

changes in somatic cell DNA are homozygous recessive

offspring typically reject parental somatic cells

mutations must occur within the RNA codons to affect offspring

Which mutation would change the greatest number of amino acids in a protein?

The deletion of a single adenine nucleotide in the middle of a gene.

The addition of the nucleotides that make up an additional stop codon to the end of a gene.

The substitution of a thymine nucleotide with a cytosine nucleotide near the beginning of a gene.

The insertion of a thymine, a guanine, and an adenine nucleotide in that order at the end of a gene.

In the process of translation, the ribosome is the site where -

amino acid chains are assembled from information in the mRNA.

DNA strands are separated and copied.

information from DNA is copied to RNA.

Free floating amino acids are picked up by tRNA.

Mutations within the DNA sequence of an organism can —

result in alterations that are harmful to an organism.

result in alterations that do not affect the organism.

result in alterations that are helpful to an organism.

A mRNA strand contains codons, which consist of a sequence of three nucleotides. Which best describes the importance of codons found in the sequence of mRNA?

They contain the code to assemble amino acids for protein synthesis.

They ensure proper replication of the genetic code.

They signal the start of mitotic cell division.

They are used to deliver the newly formed protein in the cell.

DNA to Proteins

Quiz

•

Biology

•

9th Grade

•

Practice Problem

•

Hard

•

NGSS

HS-LS1-1, HS-LS3-2, MS-LS1-5

+2

Standards-aligned

CLAY COOPER

Used 28+ times

FREE Resource

30 questions

Show all answers

1.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

What process is shown in the diagram?

replication

transcription

mitosis

translation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

2.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which best describes the role of free floating nucleotides (A, C, G, & T) in the illustration?

They are recycled when the DNA is composed.

They are molecular machines the tare used to read ATP.

They are enzymes that are produced when the DNA is read.

They are the building blocks that are used to make new strands.

3.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is a possible DNA sequence for the amino acid sequence phenylalanine-glycine-threonine?

UUU GGG ACC

AAA CCC UGG

TTT GGG ACC

AAA CCC TGG

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

4.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Using the codon chart, which of the following polypeptides is coded for by the mRNA sequence 5’ AUG GUU AAA CGA CAA UCC 3'

Val, Lys, Phe, Gly, Ser, Met

Met, Asp, Phe, Ala, Arg, Ser

Met, Val, lys, Arg, Gln, Ser

Ile, Gln, Lys, Asp, Gly, Ser

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

5.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

A segment of DNA is represented in the illustration.
How is information for a specific protein carried on the DNA molecule?

As a sequence of nucleotides

In the double-helix shape of the condensed chromosome

In the ratio of adenines to thymines

As a pattern of phosphates and sugars

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

6.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Which DNA strand is complementary to the top one shown in the picture?

A

B

C

D

7.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Nitrogenous bases are located on both strands of the DNA double helix. What is the significance of the nitrogenous bases?

The number of adenines and cytosines determines the type of RNA that will be produced.

The order of nitrogenous bases determines the order of amino acids in the proteins synthesized.

The amount of thymine and guanine in the DNA molecules determines the length of the genes.

The type of hydrogen bonding between the nitrogenous bases determines which amino acid will be added to the peptide chain.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

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DNA to Proteins

30 questions

What process is shown in the diagram?

Which best describes the role of free floating nucleotides (A, C, G, & T) in the illustration?

What is a possible DNA sequence for the amino acid sequence phenylalanine-glycine-threonine?

Using the codon chart, which of the following polypeptides is coded for by the mRNA sequence 5’ AUG GUU AAA CGA CAA UCC 3'

A segment of DNA is represented in the illustration.How is information for a specific protein carried on the DNA molecule?

Which DNA strand is complementary to the top one shown in the picture?

Nitrogenous bases are located on both strands of the DNA double helix. What is the significance of the nitrogenous bases?

A model of a biological process is shown. What is the purpose of this process?

The initial steps in gene expression are modeled below. Double-stranded DNA first unwinds into two strands. Which process and product are represented in Diagram 2?

Which of the following polypeptides is coded for by the mRNA sequence 5'AUG GUU AAA CGA CAA UCC3'?*Use Codon Chart*

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A segment of DNA is represented in the illustration.
How is information for a specific protein carried on the DNA molecule?

Which of the following polypeptides is coded for by the mRNA sequence ^5'AUG GUU AAA CGA CAA UCC^3'?
Use Codon Chart