RC2-Mechanisms of Genetics

Which of the following is NOT common to both mitosis and meiosis?

• The DNA in the chromosomes is duplicated.

• The cells divide into equally sized halves.

• There is a reduction in the number of chromosomes in daughter cells.

• The chromosomes align themselves at opposite ends of the cells.

The genetic code is the set of instructions that translates genetic material into proteins. This code defines how sequences of three nucleotides specify which amino acid will be added next during protein synthesis. Each sequence of three nucleotides is called —

• a protein

• a codon

• a DNA molecule

• a mutagen

Which term most accurately describes the shapes of a DNA molecule?

• cylindrical

• double helix

• single helix

• spiral

During division, the code for the protein cytochrome-C had the code for proline changed to the code for leucine. This type of change in the genetic material is known as a –

• point mutation

• chromosomal mutation

• redundant mutation

• frameshift mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following shows a mutation that does not change the shape or the chemical nature of the protein so that it still functions normally?

• UCC to GAC

• UCC to UAA

• UCC to UGC

• UCA to AGC

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The chart shows a dihybrid cross between pea plants. What are the genotypes of the parents in this cross?

• RRyy and rrYY

• RrYy and RrYy

• RRYY and rryy

• RrYY and Rryy

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

In guinea pigs, the allele for a rough coat (R) is dominant over the allele for a smooth coat (r). A guinea pig with a rough coat is mated with a guinea pig with a smooth coat. Of the three offspring, 1 has a smooth coat. What is the probability that their next offspring will have a smooth coat?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

What do members of archae, bacteria, protista, fungi, plantae, and animalia taxonomic groups have in common?

• Oxygen is essential for metabolism

• Nutrition is by absorption or ingestion

• All organisms have the same genetic code

• DNA is present in cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

The genotypes of four offspring are shown in the table. If one parent’s genotype is xx, what is the genotype of the second parent?

• xx

• XX

• Xx

• xX

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The diagram below shows a section of DNA undergoing the transcription process. The purpose of transcription is to create —

• a sequence of RNA bases that organizes a sequence of DNA bases.

• a sequence of DNA bases that deletes a sequence of RNA bases.

• a sequence of RNA bases that complements a sequence of DNA bases.

• a sequence of DNA bases that duplicates a sequence of RNA bases