Nova Lab Mission 3 Study Guide.

For a mutation to affect evolution, it must:

• Provide a benefit to the organism.

• Involve more than one chromosome.

• Be able to get passed from parent to offspring.

• Be neutral-neither help nor harm the organism.

What is evolution?

• An increase in complexity over time.

• The tendency of species to improve over time.

• Any change to the genetic composition of a population.

• All of the above.

What distinguishes bacteria from archae?

• Archaean DNA is made up a different set of nucleotide bases than is bacterial DNA.

• Archaean cell walls are made up of different compounds than are bacterial cell walls.

• All archaea live in extreme enviornments, and bacteria don't.

• All archaea are unicellular, and some bacterial are multicellular.

To which organism(s) on the tree is the colelacanth most closely related?

• Cichild and shark equally.

• Frog

• Frog and lungfish equally.

• Lungfish

"An organism that is closely related to the group you're interested in, but not a part of it. A wat to establish a basis of comparison for an trait analysis." This is a definition of:

• An outgroup

• An ancestor

• A marker

• A stem group

Which is more convincing evidence, DNA or physical features?

• DNA

• Physical Features

True/False? "The change from a T to a C at position 3 caused all of the changes that exist between the cichild and colelacanth/frog."

• True, because that is the only column that has a change between positions.

• False, because more mutations can come later on.

A.vinosum is most closely related to which organism(s)?

• M.activorans, and A.vinosum

• T.thermophilus

• S.solfataricus, and P.aerophilium

• T.thermophilus and D.radiodurans.