Biology EOC Review part 2

Which of the following occurs during the phase of mitosis known as telophase?

• A nucleus forms in each daughter cell.

• The centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell.

• The cell's DNA is replicated.

• The chromosomes attach to the spindle apparatus.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Mutations refer to changes in an organism's DNA. One type of mutation is translocation, which occurs during meiosis. Which of the following BEST describes translocation?

• Two non-homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information.

• Two homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information.

• A segment of chromosome breaks off and reattaches at the same position but the order of the genes is reversed.

• A segment of chromosome breaks off, and does not reattached.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A genetics student performs the same experiment completed by Gregor Mendel with pea plants. The Punnett square shows the possible genetic combinations when she crosses two pea plants that are heterozygous for the gene associated with round seeds (Rr). Which of the following correctly completes the square?

• Rr

• rR

• rr

• RR

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Both living species of elephants, the African elephant and the Asian elephant, have 56 chromosomes in their body cells. If one of these cells undergoes meiosis, how many chromosomes will each of the daughter cells have?

• 7

• 14

• 28

• 56

DNA fingerprinting was first developed in England in 1985 by Sir Alec Jeffreys. Since that time, DNA fingerprinting has been used for paternity testing. It has also been used to identify victims of crime and to convict criminals. Which of the following BEST describes the technique of DNA fingerprinting?

• DNA fingerprinting compares stem cells from different individuals.

• DNA fingerprinting compares entire DNA molecules from different individuals.

• DNA fingerprinting compares segments of DNA molecules from different individuals.

• DNA fingerprinting compares specific amino acids from different individuals.

In horses, black hair is dominant, and light-colored hair is recessive. If a white stallion is crossed with a mare that is homozygous for the gene for black hair, what is the probability that ALL of the offspring will have black hair?

• 100%

• 50%

• 25%

• 0%

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

A biology student prepared the following chart listing the four major types of biomolecules and their functions. Which of the following correctly identifies the biomolecules described in the heart from 1 to 4?

• carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

• Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids

• lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids

• nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids

The flowering plant known as the snapdragon produces white, yellow, and crimson flowers. When a snapdragon that is homozygous for the gene for white flowers is crossed with a crimson snapdragon that is homozygous for the gene for crimson flowers, heterozygous offspring with pink flowers are produced. Which of the following terms correctly describes this phenomenon?

• Mendelian inheritance

• polygenic inheritance

• pleiotrophy

• incomplete dominance

The figure shows the forelimbs of various mammals. Which of the following BEST explains why the similar forelimbs shown are considered homolgous structures?

• They are all forelimbs.

• They have similar structures.

• They have a common underlying anatomy that was also seen in their last common ancestor.

• They evolved from a common ancestor. as did all other vertebrates.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

Punctuated equilibrium and gradualism are both models for evolutionary change, but they are very different theories. Which of the following statements is true of the evolutionary theory known as gradualism?

• Several closely related species from isolated populations evolve rapidly.

• Fossils showing intermediate changes will not necessarily be found.

• Evolution occurs in spurts of rapid change.

• Speciation occurs gradually.