What human activity is most responsible for the damage to the ozone layer?

The use of freon and CFC spray propellants.

Deforestation and interruption of the water cycle.

The contamination of groundwater with mercury and PCBs.

Burning of fossil fuels and the subsequent creation of acid rain.

Which statement about human population growth is LEAST likely to be correct?

Technological advances in farming and medicine will allow human populations to continue to grow without natural limits.

Worldwide, humans are reproducing more quickly than mortality is removing people from the population.

Advances in agriculture have allowed the world's food supply to expand dramatically in the last 100 years.

Modern medicine has allowed human populations to extend well past the earth's carrying capacity, as more people survive for longer.

What event in history led to the the dark-colored peppered moth being better able to survive than the lighter-colored variety?

The pollution from the Industrial Revolution darkening the trees.

The lighter-colored moths had a shorter life span.

The dark-colored moths were physically stronger.

The dark colored moths were more intelligent.

Horses are much larger today than their two-foot tall ancestor, mesohippus. Geologists believe the change in size was the result of changing environments, from tropical forests to a grassland habitat. Larger size would be an advantage for survival in this new habitat because

larger horses had longer legs and could run faster to escape predators.

taller horses could reach the leaves that grow high on trees.

larger horses could find food easier than the shorter horses.

the larger horses were better camouflaged than the smaller horses.

Wetlands support a large number of animal species. Chemical weed killers are dumped into this wetland and the aquatic plants are killed. We should expect ___________________ to be affected by the death of the plants.

all the animals in and around the wetlands

the animals that breed and nest here

What is the relationship between the pH of pond water and the survival rate of animal species living in the pond?

As the pH decreases, the number of surviving species decreases.

The is no relationship between pH and surviving species.

As the pH decreases, the number of surviving species increases.

As the pH increases, the number of surviving species decreases.

In 1859, two dozen rabbits were introduced to Australia. By 1953, there were an estimated one billion rabbits in Australia. The addition of the rabbits to this established ecosystem caused many problems, including a huge decrease in native plants. This left little food for native animals. This is an example of how

the introduction of non-native species upsets a balanced system.

diversity improves an established ecosystem.

genetic variation leads to the formation of a new species.

changing in one part of a system does not affect other parts of the system.

The mangrove tree is an important foundation species in estuarine and coastal forests. When mangrove trees are removed, it results in a rapid build-up of acid sulfides in the soil and increases shoreline erosion. What is a LIKELY impact of removal of mangroves from their habitat?

Inshore breeding areas would be affected and aquatic species would decline.

The food web in the region would stabilize rapidly.

The number of aquatic species would gradually increase.

The sedimentation rate would increase and new hatcheries would form.

A report claims that the greenhouse effect started with the Industrial Revolution in Europe when gases, such as carbon dioxide, were first released into the atmosphere in large amounts. These gases trap heat within the atmosphere and raise the temperature of Earth.What is a weakness of this argument?

These gases were present in the atmosphere well before the Industrial Revolution began.

Carbon dioxide is a gas used by plants to make food and not a greenhouse gas.

The Revolution happened over 200 years ago and Earth should have been much hotter by now.

The report does not mention any experiments that the author carried out to check his facts.

Crop rotation is a planned order of specific crops planted on the same field. Crop rotation means that succeeding crops are of a different genus and species. Examples are row crops planted after small grains or grain crops after legumes. The planned rotation may be for a two- or three-year period.What is a LIKELY ecological impact of crop rotation?

It can interrupt the life cycles of certain pests.

The main crop becomes resistant to pests.

Lesser amounts of nitrogen are needed in the soil.

It ensures the presence of a single type of nutrient in the soil.

What is an advantage of recycling?

It is a good way to conserve some metals.

It is the only way to get rid of waste.

It improves the quality of the material.

It is a good way to save gasoline and other fuels.

Which of these human activities is a serious threat to marine ecosystems?

Sinking chemical wastes in the ocean.

Burning wastes rather than dumping them in landfills.

What can be interpreted from the graph?

Number of microbes increases exponentially with time.

Number of microbes reduces with the time.

Number of microbes remains constant with time.C

Number of microbes increases at a constant rate.

Many state and local authorities are making laws regarding recreation on lakes, rivers, and oceans to reduce water pollution. Why would lawmakers need to consult with scientists before making these laws?

so that the laws reduce pollution by a sufficient amount

to make scientists feel important

so that parks and lakefront facilities will still make large profits

so that the public will believe that the laws are important to follow

Oysters live in water and have shells. Pollution in the ocean waters where the oysters live has increased the amount of salt in the water. What is the MOST LIKELY way that an oyster will adapt to the changing salt levels in the water?

It will shut its shell tightly until the salt level is normal again.

It will change the shape of its shell.

It will change the color of its shell.

It will keep its shell open until the salt level is normal again.

Clean air is of concern to most Americans. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set forth guidelines for business, industry, and private citizens to follow to help improve air quality. All but one is a guideline of the EPA to improve air quality. That is

fix leaking faucets and minimize outdoor water use.

check and replace air filters regularly.

reduce, reuse, and recycle whenever possible.

reduce the amount of particulate matter by limiting burning.

Composting is the process of converting organic materials like plant material, food waste, and manure into humus. Humus is a soil-like material. There are many benefits that composting has for the environment. How does composting protect our ground water supply?

It reduces the need for artificial fertilizers.

It prevents run off from occurring.

It reduces the amount of methane that is produced.

It increases filtration of the soil and reduces compacting.

Extinction is a natural part of life on Earth. During the history of life on Earth most of the species that ever existed have evolved and then gradually went extinct. Species go extinct because of natural shifts in the environment that take place over long periods of time, such as climate change due to an ice age. Today, species are going extinct at an accelerated and dangerous rate, because of non-natural environmental changes caused by human activities. Which would be considered a result of human activity that contributes to the loss of plants and animals on Earth?

decrease in average annual temperature

What does the term carrying capacity describe?

The population size that the environment can sustain.

The maximum number of birth rates for a population.

The ability of a population to accept new immigrants.

The ratio of birth rates to death rates in a population.

Some of the earliest research on keystone species was conducted by Robert T. Paine, who actually coined the term keystone species. For over 25 years Paine and his students removed Pisaster ochraceus, a sea star, from tidal pools on the coast of Washington. Throughout his research, Paine discovered that removal of this predator resulted in

mussels becoming the dominant species and crowding out all competitors.

another predator moving in to replace the sea stars.

a change in trophic levels, with only producers and herbivores present.

a shift in the ecosystem and a new keystone species becoming established.

Biodiversity can be measured by the number and relative abundance of species in an ecosystem. Which potential solution below best addresses the issue of loss of biodiversity in a North American ecosystem?

Inspect ships moving through international waters to prevent the introduction of invasive species, which can potentially outcompete native species

Introduce fast growing plants light kudzu (from Japan) which can become groundcover to prevent erosion.

Identify keystone species in an ecosystem and isolate them in a protected area away from other species.

Remove decomposers by applying fungicide so that more organic material is available to animals and plants.

If the bald eagle was removed from this food web, what effect would this have on the population of the other species?

The benthic invertebrates would decrease in population size because they are eaten by the sea ducks and the phytoplankton would increase in population size.

The bivalves would increase in population size because they are eaten by sea ducks and the phytoplankton would decrease in population size.

The tundra swans would decrease in population size because they are eaten by the bald eagle and the vegetation would increase in population size.

The wading birds would increase in population size because they are eaten by the ospreys and the small planktivorous fish would increase in population size.

A species of protozoan-carrying mosquito lives in a meadow. The protozoan, if transmitted to mammal hosts through a bit, can be fatal to the host. Two species of rabbits, species I and II, both live in this meadow. Species I is immune to the protozoan but species II is not. The mosquito is a main food source for a bat species that lives around the meadow. If all of these bats are eliminated suddenly by a white nose fungal infection, what would be the most likely outcome?

Increased mortality of rabbit species II

Increased mortality in rabbit species I

Increased herbivory by rabbit species II

Increased mortality of the mosquito population

Ecology EOCT Review

Authored by Gloria Miller

Biology

9th - 12th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 40+ times

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50 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

5 mins • 1 pt

The growth rate of a population that has a limited food supply will MOST LIKELY be

exponential.

logistic.

natural.

random.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

5 mins • 1 pt

Which term best demonstrates when an organism is better adapted to the environment that they live in and are more likely to survive and reproduce?

natural variation

natural selection

speciation

living

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

5 mins • 1 pt

In some plants, flower color, or __________ of the plant, is dependent upon environmental factors such as the acidity of soil.

allelism

dominance

genotype

phenotype

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

5 mins • 1 pt

In an ecosystem, which is NOT a density-dependent limiting factor?

predation

parasitism

competition

natural disaster

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

5 mins • 1 pt

A species of rabbit lives in a meadow where grass plants are readily available during summer months. The rabbits do not stray far from the meadow because the plants supply food and protection from predators. One summer, a fire destroys the plants in the meadow. As a result of the absence of plants in the meadow, the rabbit population will probably

decrease in size.

increase and flourish.

increase reproduction.

switch to a different type of food.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

5 mins • 1 pt

New technology, such as renewable energy sources, has many positive aspects such as

using nonrenewable resources.

reducing the emissions of carbon dioxide.

increasing the annual average temperature.

increasing the cost of energy sources such as fuel.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-4

NGSS.HS-ESS3-2

NGSS.HS-ETS1-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

5 mins • 1 pt

The figure shows an energy pyramid for an ecosystem. What happens to the amount of energy in the pyramid as it moves up through the different levels?

It increases by a factor of about 10%.

It decreases by a factor of about 90%.

It increases by a factor of about 90%.

It decreases by a fact)or of about 10%.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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Ecology EOCT Review

The growth rate of a population that has a limited food supply will MOST LIKELY be

Which term best demonstrates when an organism is better adapted to the environment that they live in and are more likely to survive and reproduce?

In some plants, flower color, or __________ of the plant, is dependent upon environmental factors such as the acidity of soil.

In an ecosystem, which is NOT a density-dependent limiting factor?

New technology, such as renewable energy sources, has many positive aspects such as

The figure shows an energy pyramid for an ecosystem. What happens to the amount of energy in the pyramid as it moves up through the different levels?

The size of a food web is limited by the number of

The burning of fossil fuels by cars and factories has most affected the ______________ cycle.

What human activity is most responsible for the damage to the ozone layer?

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