Cell Structure

Basic and smallest unit of life.

• organelle
• cell wall
• cell
• nucleus

Rigid supporting layer that surrounds and protects the cells of plants, protists, fungi, and some bacteria.

• cell membrane
• cell wall
• chloroplast
• ribosomes

A thin, flexible barrier that surrounds a cell and controls which substances pass into and out of a cell. All cells have a cell membrane.

• cell membrane
• cell wall
• chloroplast
• ribosomes

Gel-like fluid that fills most of the cell; moves nutrients, proteins, and organelles within a cell. Think of it as the “soup” of the cell.

• chloroplast
• cell membrane
• cytoplasm
• nucleus

Organelle in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and changes it to energy that cells can use in making food. Responsible for making plants look green.

• chloroplast
• ribosomes
• lysosome
• mitochondria

Converts energy in food to energy used by cells. Responsible for providing energy to the entire cell; “powerhouses” of the cell.

• chloroplast
• mitochondria
• nucleus
• cell

Organelle with a network of membranes that processes many substances, including proteins and lipids.

• lysosome
• cell membrane
• function
• endoplasmic reticulum

They dot some parts of the ER while others float in the cytoplasm. Make proteins for the cells to use.

• cell wall
• cytoplasm
• golgi apparatus
• ribosomes

Stores water, food, waste products and other materials needed by the cell.

• vacuole
• mitchondria
• cell membrane
• cell wall