EOC Released Test

What event caused most residents of Memphis to leave the city in

1878?

• the flooding of the Mississippi River

• riots caused by a lack of food

• the outbreak of yellow fever

• overcrowding due to industrialization

Which statement best explains how the Electoral College controversy

during the Hayes-Tilden presidential election of 1876 was resolved?

• Hayes promised to end Reconstruction if he received the electoral support of the southern states.

• Tilden obtained the electoral support of the northern states after agreeing to end segregation.

• Hayes obtained the electoral support of the northern states after promoting immigration reform.

• Tilden opposed Jim Crow laws, which gained him the electoral support of the southern states.

In 1870, the 15th Amendment was ratified, which provided specifically that the right to vote shall not be denied or abridged on the basis of race, color or previous condition of servitude. This superseded state laws that had directly prohibited black voting.

— United States Department of Justice

What was one method that states used to bypass this constitutional amendment?

• Voters had to live in an urban area before being allowed to vote.

• Prospective voters were required to pass a literacy test in order to vote.

• Voters were required to join the armed forces in order to vote.

• Prospective voters had to become citizens before being allowed to vote.

Which statement best describes how Thomas Edison changed American life?

• The creation of the refrigerated railroad car allowed food to be shipped long distances.

• The invention of the incandescent light bulb made electrical lighting possible.

• The improvement of a process for making steel enabled the construction of skyscrapers.

• The invention of the telephone enabled people to talk over long distances.

The Church was able to offer the most enticing eternal rewards to those who gave to her. Thus she discouraged the giving of aid from man to man and encouraged the concentration of giving on herself. To some extent this systematized charity, . . . and an ever larger percentage of the gifts never reached the poor.

— Walter Rauschenbusch, Christianity and the Social Crisis, 1907

Source 2

Anyone who believes that any great enterprise of an industrial character can be started without labor must have little experience of life. Let anyone try to get a railroad built, or to start a factory . . . , or to start a school . . . , or to found a newspaper . . . , and he will find what obstacles must be overcome, what risks must be taken, what perseverance and courage are required, what foresight and sagacity [wisdom] are necessary. . . . Persons who possess the necessary qualifications obtain great rewards. They ought to do so.

— William Graham Sumner, What Social Classes Owe to Each Other, 1883 (This item continues on the next page.)

CONFIDENTIAL 13

• Rauschenbusch suggests that the United States should pursue an imperialist foreign policy, whereas Sumner suggests isolationism.

• Rauschenbusch suggests immigration to the United States should be limited, whereas Sumner suggests increasing immigration.

• Rauschenbusch suggests that wealth should be used to address social ills, whereas Sumner suggests the wealthy have no obligation to do so.

• Rauschenbusch suggests that taxes on the wealthy cause undue strain, whereas Sumner suggests that taxes should be used to help the needy.

Which source explains a change that resulted from the work of the Granger Movement?

• Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, that from and after the expiration of ninety days next after the passage of this act, the coming of Chinese laborers to the United States be . . . suspended.

• Be it enacted by the Senate and House of

  Representatives. . . . All charges made for any service rendered or to be rendered in the transportation of passengers or property . . . or for the receiving, delivering, storage, or handling of such property, shall be reasonable and just; and every unjust and unreasonable charge for such service is prohibited and declared to be unlawful.

• An act for preventing the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or poisonous or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines, and liquors, and for regulating traffic therein, and for other purposes.

• After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.

In the early twentieth century, what was the main reason for high rates of industrial accidents?

• inefficient methods of factory production

• ineffective efforts at union organization

• inadequate safety measures in factories

• insufficient training for unskilled laborers

Under the leadership of U.S. Senator Robert La Follette, Progressive opposition to foreign intervention further increased under the Dollar Diplomacy policies of Republican President William Howard Taft and Secretary of State Philander Knox. However, Progressives remained mostly interested in domestic issues, and Republican Progressives sometimes hesitated to break party lines on foreign policy, hoping to ensure greater influence on domestic matters within the Republican Party.

— U.S. Historian, Department of State

According to the source, which strategy did Robert La Follette use to pursue his vision of progressive change in the U.S. Senate?

• rejecting economic ideals that were gaining ground in other countries

• focusing on a domestic agenda while supporting the party’s foreign policy

• rejecting calls for expanded immigration to support labor growth

• supporting nationalism that would advance overseas American interests

They ask us how we will govern these new possessions. I answer, out of local conditions and the necessities of the case methods of government will grow. If England can govern foreign lands so can America. If Germany can govern foreign lands so can America. If they can supervise protectorates so can America.

— Albert Beveridge, “March of the Flag,” 1898

What was the focus of this speech?

• an increase in muckraking publications

• the ban of imported raw materials

• the annexation of overseas territory

• a decrease in yellow journalism

Read the text and answer the question.

Teller Amendment (1898) — The United States pledged that it would not annex Cuba once peace was restored.

Foraker Act (1900) — Puerto Ricans were not citizens of the United States and maintained a legislature subject to U.S. authority.

Platt Amendment (1901) — Cuba would give the United States the right to intervene to maintain peace and independence.

The purpose of these legislative actions during and after the Spanish-American War was to determine the

• legal status of countries that were freed of Spanish domination.

• function of the exclusive trade agreements with newly established territories.

• ability to use local military troops to protect American interests.

• need for new territories to form states.