Plant EOC Questions TEK B.10B

Plant roots have extensions called root hairs. These root hairs are important in the homeostasis of the plant. Which statement best explains the importance of the root hairs to the stems and leaves of the plant?

• Root hairs convert minerals into glucose for immediate use by the cell

• Root hairs decrease the need for osmosis and diffusion in vascular tissue

• Root hairs prevent water loss in leaves through transpiration and gas exchange

• Root hair increase the surface area if the roots for nutrient and water absorption

A corn plant produces both male and female flowers. The male flower forms the tassel and the female flower forms the ear of corn. The silks that emerge from the ear are the stigma of the female flower. Each silk leads to an ovule that can become a corn seed. Which of these must happen for corn seeds to develop on the ear?

• More tassels than silks need to be present on the same plant

• Pollen grains must fall from tassels and land on the silks of the ear

• Pollen must be transported from the tassel to the silk through the phloem

• The tassels must come into direct contact with the silks of the ear

Fruits grown in hot climates are usually less sweet than those grown in cooler temperatures. The high temperatures increase the rate of respiration in the plants, thus reducing the sugar content in some fruits. Why does increased respiration in the leaves and stem reduce the sugar content in the fruits of a plant?

• Chloroplasts move from the fruits to the leaves and stems to provide energy for respiration

• The flow of nutrients shifts from the phloem to the xylem, moving nutrients away from the fruits

• Sugars are moved from the fruit to the roots for storage

• Sugars produced in the leaves are used as an energy source instead of being stored in the fruits

Invasive plant species affect the interactions of living and nonliving components of an ecosystem, so the removal of invasive plants is often necessary. The goal of most plant-control methods is to disrupt or inhibit the function of different plant systems. For example, insects can be used to chew through roots in order to reduce a plant's ability to absorb water. Which of the functions would be most immediately affected by a reduction in water uptake by roots?

• Disease resistance

• Seed dispersal

• Sunlight absorption

• Photosynthesis

A student reads this advertisement for a product containing a plant micro-nutrient that can be added to soil. Based on this information, the student can conclude that boron is absorbed by plant roots from the soil and then-

• transported to reproductive tissues by the plant's shoot system

• stored in plant stems until flowers are pollinated

• concentrated in the roots until plant's reproductive tissues mature

• transported by the phloem to the stomata in leaves, where it attracts pollinators

A student conducted an investigation to study phototropism in grasses. The only difference between the control group and the experimental group was light conditions. The control group was provided full light, while the experimental group was shaded on one side. The diagrams show the average heights and positions of blades of grasses in the investigation. Which statement best explains why the grass tips of the experimental group bent toward the light?

• Water evaporated faster on the side of the plant having full light

• Light sensors in the grass tips stimulated a hormone in the shoot system

• The xylem in the root system absorbed more nutrients from the shaded side

• the side facing the light has a greater chance of absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

Cytokinins are a class of plant hormones that help regulate growth by promoting cell division. Cytokinis are produced mainly in meristematic tissue, where most plant growth occurs. Which system carries cytokinis produced in the roots to the rest of the plant?

• vascular system

• dermal system

• reproductive system

• none of these

Several structures work together to allow flowering plants to reproduce. The diagram shows a typical flower

• X: pollen production

  Y: pollen transfer

  Z: production of eggs

• X: attraction of pollinators

  Y: production of male sex cells

  Z: egg production and embryo development

• X: protection for embryo

  Y: supply nourishment to embryo

  Z: place of embryonic development

• X: photosynthesis

  Y: production of cells that protect internal organs

  Z: production of egg and sperm

Plants called sundews have rounded green leaves with many hair-like structures. The ends of these structures contain enzymes in a sticky liquid that looks like nectar or moisture, as shown in the picture. The hairs do not react to dust or nonliving material but will bend inward when insects get caught in the sticky liquid. Sundews digest trapped insects over a period of a few days. Based on this information, what functions do the specialized leaves of sundews perform?

• provide water to the plant and perform photosynthesis

• respond to stimuli and anchor the plant

• provide nutrients to the plant and respond to stimuli

• release pollen to insects and perform photosynthesis

Structures represented in the illustration below are found in the lower epidermis of a plant leaf. The illustration at the right shows the response to a certain environmental condition. The response represented in the illustration would most likely be caused by -

• a reduced supply of oxygen

• long periods of reainfall

• high concentrations of glucose

• little available water