The endocrine system incorporates feedback mechanisms that maintain homeostasis. Which of the following demonstrates negative feedback by the endocrine system?

After a meal, blood glucose levels become elevated, stimulating beta cells of the pancreas to release insulin into the blood. Excess glucose is then converted into glycogen in the liver, reducing blood glucose levels.

During labor, the fetus exerts pressure on the uterine wall, including the production of oxytocin, which stimulates uterine contraction. The contractions cause the fetus to push on the uterine wall , increasing production of oxytocin.

At high elevations, atmospheric oxygen is more scarce. In response to signals that oxygen is low, the brain decreases an individual’s rate of respiration.

A transcription factor binds to the regulatory region of a gene, blocking the binding of another transcription factor required for expression.

A human kidney filters about 200 liters of blood each day. Approximately two liters of liquid and nutrient waste are excreted as urine. The remaining fluid and dissolved substances are reabsorbed and continue to circulate throughout the body. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted in response to reduce plasma volume. ADH targets the collecting ducts in the kidney , stimulating the insertion of aquaporins into their plasma membranes and an increased reabsorption of water. If ADH secretion is inhibited, which of the following would initially result?

The person would produce greater amounts of dilute urine

The number of aquaporins would increase in response to the inhibition of ADH

The person would decrease oral water intake to compensate for the inhibition of ADH

Blood filtration would increase to compensate for the lack of aquaporins

The graph above shows changes in glucagon and insulin secretions at different concentrations of blood glucose. Which of the following feedback mechanisms is best supported by the data?

A low glucose level causes the release of glucagon, which stimulates the release of more glucose from the tissues, which lowers the amount of glucagon released.

A falling glucagon level causes a rise in insulin level, which maintains equal amounts of both hormones in the blood.

A high glucagon level causes a rise in the insulin level, which maintains high levels of both hormones in the blood.

A low glucose level cause the release of insulin, which stimulates the release of more glucose from tissues, which increase the amount of insulin released.

The secretion of hormone A causes a change in the amount of protein X in an organism. If this mechanism works by positive feedback, which one of the following statements represents that fact?

An increase in A produces an increase in X

An increase in X produces an decrease in A

A decrease in A produces an increase in X

Glucagon is secreted by:

α-cells in the Islets of Langerhans

β-cells in the Islets of Langerhans

β-cells in the pancreatic medulla

α-cells in the pancreatic cortex

Insulin is secreted by:

β-cells in the Islets of Langerhans

α-cells in the Islets of Langerhans

β-cells in the pancreatic medulla

α-cells in the pancreatic cortex

What is the endocrine system?

A group of glands that work together with the nervous system to coordinate all body functions

senses the hormone levels in the blood

controls all other endocrine glands

The purpose of the endocrine system is to

maintain metabolism, growth and development in homeostasis

maintain homeostasis by reacting quickly to stimuli

produce substances that protect the body from bacteria

transport molecules throughout the body

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

it creates chemicals that are sent around the body to maintain homeostasis

it creates electrical messages that are sent around the body to maintain homeostasis

it maintains the correct level of oxygen in the body to maintain homeostasis

it releases waste from the body to maintain homeostasis

Chapter 45: Endocrine System

Authored by J Terrazas

Biology

KG - University

NGSS covered

Used 62+ times

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Epinephrine is this type of hormone

steroid

amine (water soluble)

peptide

amine (lipid soluble)

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Organ that secretes epinephrine

thyroid

pancreas

adrenal gland

anterior pituitary

epinephrine and norepinephrine activate these receptors

G protein

tyrosine kinase

ion channel

intracellular

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Hormones that direct and control the activities of other hormones.

somatomedins

beta blockers

growth hormones

tropic hormones

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Produces cholecystokinin

stomach

small intestine

large intestine

liver

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Cortisol

adrenal

pancreas

hypothalamus

pineal

Oxytocin

Hypothalamus

Anterior Pituitary

Adrenal

Thyroid

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Chapter 45: Endocrine System

Epinephrine is this type of hormone

Organ that secretes epinephrine

epinephrine and norepinephrine activate these receptors

Hormones that direct and control the activities of other hormones.

Produces cholecystokinin

Cortisol

Oxytocin

Prolactin

Insulin is this type of hormone

Cortisol

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