AP Euro Midterm Review

The most important political and military result of the 30 Years’ War and the Peace of Westphalia was the

• Decline of Denmark as a power in the Baltic/Northern Europe

• Decline of the Ottoman Empire as a great power

• Rise of English naval power

• Rise of Russia as a great power

• Rise of France as a great power

Which of the following is the most characteristic of Voltaire’s ideas?

• Empiricism and religious tolerance are to be celebrated

• The branches of government should be balanced

• Future progress is inevitable and limitless

• The General Will is the ideal basis for good government

• Sensory experience can never be verified

Which of the following represents the defeat of the Ottoman efforts to control the Mediterranean region of Europe?

• The battle of Poltava (1709)

• The battle of Lepanto (1571)

• The battle of Austerlitz (1805)

• The siege of Vienna (1683)

• The fall of Constantinople (1453)

Which of the following best helps to explain the economic and political decline of Spain during the 17th Century?

• The collective security measures implemented by Cardinal Richelieu in order to prevent the spread of Catholicism

• The extensive battles waged in the Iberian Peninsula between the imperial forces and various coalitions of Protestants

• The extension of the empire’s commitments beyond its resources

• The advocacy of religious toleration by the Spanish rulers to promote the immigration of non-Catholic groups into Spain

• The secret treaty between England and France to embargo Spanish ports

Galileo was found guilty of heresy and condemned by the Inquisition on the grounds that he

• Left the Roman Catholic Church and became Protestant

• Used his telescope to explore the heavens

• Actively supported the Galician cause in France against papal supremacy

• Publicly advocated Copernicus’s heliocentric system

• Discovered the law of universal gravitation

The conversion to Catholicism by Henry IV of France is an example of the policies of the

• Anabaptists

• Politiques

• Philosophes

• Physiocrats

• Jacobins

After the defeat of King Charles I in the English Civil War and his execution in 1649, England was governed for a decade by

• A democratic republic with universal suffrage

• A commonwealth led by Oliver Cromwell and his son

• A constitutional monarchy under King James II

• The King of Scotland

• A parliamentary council dominated by egalitarians

Which was an important consequence of the Glorious Revolution of 1688?

• Limits were put on the power of the English monarchy

• Suffrage was expanded to the members of the lower class

• French influence in England was expanded

• Roman Catholicism was reintroduced to England

• England gained control of Spanish colonial possessions in the New World

Hobbes and Rousseau would have agreed that

• A monarch has absolute power

• The state is based on a social contract

• he state of nature is peaceful and harmonious

• Political authority should be shared by the monarch and representatives of the people

• Citizens have the right to revolt

Which of the following was a major factor in the spread of humanist culture in the late 15th and early 16th centuries?

• The creation of new religious orders by the papacy

• Annual meetings of humanist scholars in Italy

• A major increase in government funding for elementary education

• The development of the printing press

• The sale of textbooks in the vernacular