Weathering Erosion Deposition & Soil

When areas of uneven elevation get heavy rains, landslides can form. Landslides are most likely to form

• in areas that have temperatures close to freezing.

• in regions with dense rock under the soil layer.

• on the tops of very tall mountains.

• on the slopes of very steep hills.

Soil is made of many things, including tiny particles of rock. Which is one way rocks are broken down into rock particles?

• Molecules of water that are superheated inside of rocks can build up pressure that breaks rocks into rock particles.

• Radiation from sunlight creates tons of tiny cracks in the rock, which expand until they break.

• Molecules of water that freeze inside rocks can expand and break rocks into rock particles.

• Oxygen from the atmosphere gets absorbed by the rock, which expands until it breaks.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Madison creates the model shown of a stream bed. She wants to demonstrate how natural processes can change the surface of Earth through deposition and erosion. She pours water on her model and makes observations. In which situation will more deposition than erosion occur in Madison's stream bed model?

• More deposition will occur if the slope of the stream increases.

• More deposition will occur if sediment in the stream decreases.

• More deposition will occur if sediment in the stream increases.

• More deposition will occur if the speed of the stream water decreases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The volcano known as Mt. Vesuvius erupted in 79 CE, covering the city of Pompeii and its inhabitants in thick layers of ash. The disaster at Pompeii demonstrates that

• the changes caused by volcanoes are slow and occur over hundreds of years.

• the ash plumes of volcanoes are always more dangerous than the lava flows.

• volcanoes can change the landscape of an area in a very short time.

• volcanic eruptions are predictable and come with plenty of warning.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Chase noticed after a heavy rainstorm that the loose dirt in his backyard had been moved around, creating channels and mounds. Select two of the processes that took place in Chase's backyard.

• compacting

• deposition

• sedimentation

• weathering

• erosion

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Based on the diagram, structure X is

• a delta that is changing due to sediment deposits from ocean currents.

• an island that is changing due to the movement of plate boundaries.

• a delta that is changing due to sediment deposits from a river.

• an island that is changing due to increasing volcanic lava flow.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

How does erosion compare to physical weathering?

• Both break down materials.

• Erosion breaks down materials, and weathering carries them from place to place.

• Weathering breaks down materials, and erosion carries them from place to place.

• Both move materials from place to place.

Peyton created a model and chart of a soil horizon to present to his science class. Which statement best explains a mistake in Peyton's presentation?

• Layer O should not have any living materials.

• Layer A should be a light color from the humus.

• Layer B should be darker because of the clay.

• Layer C should not contain grass roots.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which of the following is organic material that results from the decay of plant and animal remains?

• humus

• gravel

• R horizon

• clay

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which of the following is most likely to have happened in the image?

• The plant has dissolved the rock.

• The plant has eroded the rock.

• The plant has eaten away the rock.

• The plant has weathered the rock.