Environmental Laws

What does the Clean Air Act (1970, 1977, 1990) state?

• Sets goals and standards for the quality and purity of air in the United States. By law, it is periodically reviewed.

• Was passed because of the government's keen interest in monitoring the commercial and national defense uses of atomic energy.

• coastal zones from environmentally harmful overdevelopment.

• Requires companies to disclose information about toxic chemicals they release into the air and water and dispose of on land.

What does the Clean Water Act (1972) state?

• Establishes and maintains goals and standards for U.S. water quality and purity. It has been amended several times, most prominently in 1987 to increase controls on toxic pollutants, and in 1990, to more effectively address the hazard of oil spills.

• Provides a partnership structure allowing states and the federal government to work together for the protection of U.S. coastal zones from environmentally harmful overdevelopment.

• Was passed because of the government's keen interest in monitoring the commercial and national defense uses of atomic energy.

• declared it to be U.S. policy to establish a reserve of up to 1 billion barrels of petroleum

What does the Coastal Zone Management Act (1972) state?

• Provides a partnership structure allowing states and the federal government to work together for the protection of U.S. coastal zones from environmentally harmful overdevelopment.

• Is designed to protect and recover endangered and threatened species of fish, wildlife and plants in the United States and beyond.

• declared it to be U.S. policy to establish a reserve of up to 1 billion barrels of petroleum

• Is the nation's major law regulating contaminants in food, including pesticides. The Food and Drug Administration implements most of this law; the Environmental Protection Agency carries out its pesticide standard setting provisions (with FDA enforcement).

What does the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (1986) state?

• Requires companies to disclose information about toxic chemicals they release into the air and water and dispose of on land.

• Is designed to protect and recover endangered and threatened species of fish, wildlife and plants in the United States and beyond. The law works in part by protecting species habitats.

• declared it to be U.S. policy to establish a reserve of up to 1 billion barrels of petroleum

• Controls the sale, distribution and application of pesticides; amended in 1972, 1988, and 1996.

What does the Endangered Species Act (1973) state?

• Is designed to protect and recover endangered and threatened species of fish, wildlife and plants in the United States and beyond. The law works in part by protecting species habitats.

• The Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992 set goals, created mandates, and amended utility laws to increase clean energy use and improve overall energy efficiency in the United States.

• declared it to be U.S. policy to establish a reserve of up to 1 billion barrels of petroleum

• none of the above

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What does the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act state?

• Is the nation's major law regulating contaminants in food, including pesticides.

• Controls the sale, distribution and application of pesticides; amended in 1972, 1988, and 1996. See also Food Quality Protection Act.

• this law established a 200-mile fishery conservation zone

• Governs the management and control of U.S. marine fish populations, and is intended to maintain and restore healthy levels of fish stocks and prevent overharvesting. Better known as the Magnuson Stevens Act.

What does the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act of 1980 state?

• 1980: authorizes financial and technical assistance to the States for the development, revision, and implementation of conservation plans and programs for non-game fish and wildlife.

• authorizes EPA to set tolerances, or maximum residue limits, for pesticide residues on foods.

• Is designed to ensure that levels of pesticide residues in food meet strict standards for public health protection.

• Governs the management and control of U.S. marine fish populations, and is intended to maintain and restore healthy levels of fish stocks and prevent overharvesting. Better known as the Magnuson Stevens Act.

What does the Lacey Act of 1900 state?

• The Lacey Act protects both plants and wildlife by creating civil and criminal penalties for a wide array of violations. It prohibits trade in wildlife, fish, and plants that have been illegally taken, transported or sold.

• Seeks to protect whales, dolphins, sea lions, seals, manatees and other species of marine mammals, many of which remain threatened or endangered.

• the discharge of plastics, including synthetic ropes, fishing nets, plastic bags, and biodegradable plastics, into the water is prohibited.

• banned ocean dumping of municipal sewage sludge and industrial waste

What does the Marine Mammal Protection Act (1972) state?

• Seeks to protect whales, dolphins, sea lions, seals, manatees and other species of marine mammals, many of which remain threatened or endangered.

• the discharge of plastics, including synthetic ropes, fishing nets, plastic bags, and biodegradable plastics, into the water is prohibited.

• Was the first of the modern environmental statutes. NEPA created environmental policies and goals for the country, and established the President's Council on Environmental Quality.

• required the Secretary of Energy to issue guidelines for selection of sites for construction of two permanent, underground nuclear waste repositories.

Clean Water Act 1972

• established the National Park Service (NPS), an agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior. 
• U.S. federal law that regulates the discharge of pollutants into the nation's surface waters, including lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands, and coastal areas. Passed in 1972 and amended in 1977 and 1987, the Clean Water Actwas originally 
• legislation that grants public access to documents or other data in the possession of a government agency or public authority, unless the information falls into a category that is specifically excluded from the terms of the legislation.

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