As Secretary of the Treasury, what was Alexander Hamilton most noted for? (1.6)

Devising a plan to pay off the nation’s debt

Beginning a system to tax exports

Arranging necessary loans from European powers

Raising revenue for the sale of Western lands

The central point in John Marshall’s decision in the case of Marbury v. Madison concerned the power of (1.7)

the Supreme Court to declare federal laws unconstitutional

the Federal Government to regulate interstate commerce

the States to tax the Bank of the United States

the states to change private contracts

The Mayflower Compact, House of Burgesses, and the New England town meeting are all examples of the efforts of colonial Americans to do what? (USHC 1.2)

use democratic practices in government

overthrow British royal governors

What is the basic purpose of the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution? (USHC 1.5)

to guarantee the rights of individuals

to describe the powers of the three branches of government

to establish a system of checks and balances

to limit the powers of state governments

Which historical event best demonstrates the operation of checks and balances? (USHC 1.5)

The Senate approved the appointment of John Marshall to the Supreme Court.

President Washington used the army to suppress a rebellion by Pennsylvania farmers

South Carolina seceded from the Union over the issues of slavery and states’ rights.

President Eisenhower sent federal troops to enforce the integration of public schools in Little Rock, Arkansas.

How did ideas of democracy spread to other parts of New England? (1.2)

migrants took their political traditions with them

the crown required each colony to have an assembly

newspapers and pamphlets spread the ideas of democracy

new colonies developed ideas of representative government independently

The division of power between a central government and state governments is called

the Necessary and Proper Clause

What was the primary cause of protests in Boston in the years following the French and Indian War?

Britain began to directly tax the colonies to pay off war debt.

Britain passed laws that took away freedom of speech.

Britain turned into a monarchy.

The British Navy stopped protecting the Harbor.

The separate but equal principle established by the decision in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) led to the

spread of racially segregated public facilities

end of the Reconstruction period

integration of white and African-American military regiments

Delegates to the Constitutional Convention of 1787 wrote a new constitution because...

they believed that a stronger central government was necessary

the Articles of Confederation were about to expire

they wanted to increase the power of the states

Why was the Battle of Saratoga important?

It lifted Patriot spirits and showed Europe that Americans could win.

It proved that colonists were no match for British troops.

It inspired Native Americans to support the Patriots.

It convinced France to maintain neutrality.

Use the following dialogue and your knowledge of Social Studies to answer the question: Debate over Ratification of the United States Constitution Speaker A: “Our liberty depends on guaranteed individual rights. Citizens with these rights will be able to make decisions for the good of the whole nation.” Speaker B: “I admire your optimism; however, only a well-educated group of elected officials should be trusted to make decisions for the good of all.” Speaker A: “We must not allow the rule of a few privileged officials to overpower the will of average citizens.” Speaker B: “A strong central government, composed of elected officials, will be acting in the best interests of all citizens.” Speaker A: “I fear you are ignoring the needs of the people. There must be a guarantee that the freedoms of citizens will not be trampled over by a strong national government.” This debate most accurately represents the debates between

Federalists and Anti-Federalists

Constitutional Framers and State Governors

Supreme Court Justices and Legislators

Use the following dialogue and your knowledge of Social Studies to answer the question: Debate over Ratification of the United States Constitution Speaker A: “Our liberty depends on guaranteed individual rights. Citizens with these rights will be able to make decisions for the good of the whole nation.” Speaker B: “I admire your optimism; however, only a well-educated group of elected officials should be trusted to make decisions for the good of all.” Speaker A: “We must not allow the rule of a few privileged officials to overpower the will of average citizens.” Speaker B: “A strong central government, composed of elected officials, will be acting in the best interests of all citizens.” Speaker A: “I fear you are ignoring the needs of the people. There must be a guarantee that the freedoms of citizens will not be trampled over by a strong national government.” In this debate between Speaker A and Speaker B, Speaker A would most likely agree that the leaders of the nation should

add a bill of rights to the Constitution

increase the power of the federal government

limit the right to vote to property owners

Female religious leader who was exiled from the Massachusetts colony for leading Bible studies and challenging widely-held doctrines

Puritan minister who was exiled from the Massachusetts colony for promoting religious freedom

Puritan governor of Massachusetts who referred to the colony as a city upon a hill

Femaile leader of the push for women rights and passage of the 19th Admendment