Speciation

Fruit flies are beginning to live & mate on different types of fruit on the floor of the Amazon. Bigger fruit flies prefer rotting mangos, while smaller fruit flies prefer rotting bananas. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

• habitat isolation
• temporal isolation 
• gametic isolation
• mechanical isolation 

A flash flood carried a raft of Amazon ants away from their original population. There is enough distance between the two groups, that they will never meet in nature again. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

• behavioral isolation
• temporal isolation 
• gametic isolation
• geographic isolation 

When reproductive barriers separate a population of a species in nature, the species no longer share a... 

• taxa
• gene pool 
• phylogenetic tree
• species 

Some female peacocks prefer males with large, colorful tales while other female peacocks prefer males with no tail at all. Females are beginning to only mate with the type of males with the tail they prefer. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

• behavioral isolation
• hybrid sterility 
• temporal isolation
• mechanical isolation 

The flowers of pink tulips open in the morning, while the flowers of lavender tulips open in the early afternoon. The bees that pollinate these tulips cannot carry pollen back & forth between the two types of tulips because of their flowers being closed at different times of day. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

• behavioral isolation
• hybrid sterility 
• temporal isolation
• mechanical isolation 

The term for the formation of new and distinct species over the course of evolution is...

• speciation
• biological species concept
• reproductive barrier
• natural selection

What is a species? 

• A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring. 
• A group of organisms that can mate and produce offspring even if those offspring are infertile.
• A group of organisms that genetically are very different from each other. 
• Indivual organisms that live in the same environment. 

What evidence does speciation provide for the theory of evolution by natural selection?

• Speciation can show us that new species don't choose to adapt, but have changed due to diverging from an original species due to reproductive barriers.
• Speciation can show us that new biological species can come from divergence (separating) due to reproductive barriers.
• Speciation can show us that environmental changes & genetic variation play a role in the process of a new species diverging from an original species due to reproductive barriers. 
• All of the above fit!

Genetic drift is a process that causes---

• The genetic makeup of an entire population to disappear
• The genetic makeup of an entire population to be altered
• Organisms to better adapt to their environment
• Organisms to have the same DNA as their parents

Common baboons live on the savanna in breeding groups called troops. While females tend to stay with the troop, younger or less dominant males may leave to join a neighboring troop.
Which of these is a likely outcome of movement by young males? 

• Gene flow occurs between the populations
• relative genotypic frequencies reach a constant state
• Allele frequencies suddenly change