Cardiovascular System Quiz

A doctor prescribes a blood thinner to a patient with high blood pressure. What impact will this medication have on blood flow and viscosity?

• The blood flow will decrease and the viscosity will decrease.

• The blood flow will decrease and the viscosity will increase.

• The blood flow will increase and the viscosity will decrease.

• The blood flow will increase and the viscosity will increase.

Epinephrine (adrenaline) is a hormone that causes vasoconstriction. Which of the following describes the affect of epinephrine on blood pressure?

• Decreased epinephrine decreases blood flow, causing an increase in blood pressure.

• Decreased epinephrine increases blood flow, causing an increase in blood pressure.

• Increased epinephrine decreases blood flow, causing an increase in blood pressure.

• Increased epinephrine increases blood flow, causing a decrease in blood pressure.

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Which of the following statements accurately describes the affect of atherosclerosis on blood flow in the cardiovascular system and consequently blood pressure?

Atherosclerosis:

• increases blood flow and blood pressure as clots form in arteries.

• decreases blood flow and blood pressure as clots form in arteries.

• increases blood flow and decreases blood pressure as plaques form in the arteries.

• decreases blood flow and increases blood pressure as plaques form in the arteries.

A patient has a blood vessel in the heart that is 90% blocked by plaque. Which of the following are likely consequences?

• decreased blood flow and decreased blood pressure

• decreased blood flow and increased blood pressure

• increased blood flow and decreased blood pressure

• increased blood flow and increased blood pressure

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Which of the following changes would help a person reduce their risk of hypertension?

• measuring blood pressure daily

• increasing protein intake in the diet

• increasing carbohydrate intake in the diet

• changing from a sedentary to active lifestyle

The heart receives its own blood supply from the coronary artery. This artery can sometimes be blocked by a buildup of plaque. The cross sectional stages of a progressively blocked coronary artery are illustrated below.

Which of these is a disadvantage resulting from the progression of plaque in the coronary artery?

• Blood pressure is stable only during periods of exercise.

• The amount of water retained in the vascular system is increased,causing a dilution of blood volume.

• Blood pressure is increased, resulting in the inability to move blood to locations that need nutrients and oxygen.

• Plaque buildup makes the heart rate decrease, causing nutrients to be absorbed by organs that are closer to the heart.

The phrase "don't go swimming after you eat a full meal" is based on which of the following biological principals?

• Swallowing water can dillute the oxygen concentration in your blood stream.

• Swimming with a full stomach increases blood pressure which could lead to a heart attack.

• Blood flow during exercise is diverted away from organs making it hard to digest the meal.

• When swimming, the increased water pressure on the body narrows blood vessels making it difficult to digest food.

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A doctor has a patient in poor health. The doctor is determined to prove to the patient he needs to make some healthy life style changes. Which of the following symptoms/data would describe a patient who has poor cardiovascular health? Use the chart to aid in your assessment.

Cholesterol Values

Below NormalLess than 200 mg/dL

Normal200 to 239 mg/dL

Above NormalAbove 240 mg/dL

• Patients’ blood pressure is 193/130, his height is 5 foot 8 inches, his weight is 248 pounds, and his cholesterol is 307 mg/dL.

• Patients’ blood pressure is 120/80, height is 6 foot 2 inches tall, the weight is 195 pounds, and the cholesterol is 175 mg/dL.

• Patients’ blood pressure is 193/130, height is 6 foot 2 inches tall, the weight is 195 pounds, and the cholesterol is 175 mg/dL.

• Patients’ blood pressure is 120/80, his height is 5 foot 8 inches, his weight is 248 pounds, and his cholesterol is 307 mg/dL.

About 50 million Americans have hypertension, better known as persistently high blood pressure. Although primary hypertension (90-95% of all cases) cannot be attributed to any identifiable cause, doctors have learned that certain lifestyle changes can improve a patient's overall blood pressure. Which of the following clusters of life choices will best moderate the effects of hypertension?

• maintain high stress lifestyle, exercise, and eat fast food

• maintain high stress lifestyle, smoke, and exercise

• maintain low stress lifestyle, eat a healthy diet, and exercise

• maintain low stress lifestyle, exercise, and eat high-calorie foods

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Which of the following may cause hypertension due to its effect on blood flow?

• vasodilation causing an increase in blood flow

• vasoconstriction causing an increase in blood flow

• adrenaline causing vasoconstriction decreasing blood flow

• ADH causing a decrease in blood volume reducing blood flow

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