AH2 NCFE Review

The proposals of our opponents will endanger or destroy our system. . . . I especially emphasize that promise to promote “employment for all surplus labor at all times . . .” If it were possible to give this employment to 10,000,000 people by the government, it would cost upwards of $9,000,000,000 a year. . . . It would pull down the employment of those who are still at work by the high taxes and the demoralization of credit upon which their employment is dependent. . . .

—Herbert Hoover, 1932

Based on this excerpt, which policy would have been supported by Hoover?

• Worker unions should have more collective bargaining rights.

• Economic stability can only be achieved through laissez-faire practices.

• Business owners should hire more workers to support social programs.

• Economic stability can only be achieved through increasing foreign tariffs.

The mission of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is to protect investors, maintain fair, orderly, and efficient markets, and facilitate capital formation.

—United States Securities and Exchange Commission official website, 2012

This organization was first established during the New Deal era as a reaction against which practice?

• using credit to purchase stock

• misrepresenting stock values to the public

• setting restrictions on foreign stock markets

• buying large amounts of stock to form monopolies

The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 barred both labor unions and corporations from making expenditures [payments] and contributions in Federal elections.

—“Appendix 4, The Federal Election Campaign Laws: A Short History,” Federal Elections Commission

Which situation primarily led to this provision in the Taft-Hartley Act?

• the perception that most union leaders were corrupt

• the belief that unions supported dismantling the New Deal

• the belief that unions were connected to the spread of communism

• the perceived influence of labor unions over Congress

What aspect of the civil rights movement does this photograph illustrate?

• the widespread acceptance of protest as a way to achieve equality

• a greater focus on court cases rather than passive resistance

• support for voter registration drives instead of sit-ins

• a shift in emphasis from civil rights to economic rights

What was the common goal of these social movements?

• the growth of pacifism

• the unionization of factory labor

• the elimination of discrimination

• the restriction of environmental pollutants

“If this work can contribute in any way toward proving this, and at the same time arouse the conscience of the American people to a demand for justice to every citizen, and punishment by law for the lawless, I shall feel I have done my race a service.”

—Ida B. Wells, 1892

Which outcome was Ida B. Wells working to achieve?

• ratification of Prohibition

• adoption of interstate commerce regulation

• passage of anti-lynching laws

• protection of labor union organizers

The events in this diagram occurred in response to which Supreme Court decision?

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Hernandez v. Texas

• Tinker v. Des Moines

• Miranda v. Arizona

The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote.

—Amendment 17, U.S. Constitution

Why did Progressive reformers support this amendment?

• It provided the people the ability to directly vote for U.S. senators.

• It allowed state legislatures to influence the election of U.S. senators.

• It gave governors the ability to limit terms of U.S. senators.

• It granted state governments the power to appoint U.S. senators.

“[W]hen you take a cross-country drive and find it necessary to sleep night after night in the uncomfortable corners of your automobile because no motel will accept you; when you are humiliated day in and day out by nagging signs reading ‘white’ and ‘colored’ . . . then you will understand. . . .”

—Martin Luther King, Jr.’s “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”

In this excerpt, why did Martin Luther King, Jr. provide these examples?

• to express the routine frustrations with the segregation system

• to explain why the time for large-scale protests had passed

• to express support for local officials protecting civil rights

• to explain why violence was necessary to change society

“. . . [I]nstead of lowering our standards we urge that the law be strengthened. . . . [T]he closing of the saloon . . . has resulted in better national health, children are born under better conditions, homes are better. . . .”

— Ella Boole, 1926

Which phrase BEST describes this excerpt?

• the communal benefits of settlement houses

• the economic impact of unions

• the social effects of immigration reform

• the positive influence of Prohibition