Earth Science SOL Review

Which type of rock appears to be the most easily eroded by the river in this area?

• Limestone
• Shale
• Basalt
• Sandstone

What appears to have occurred at the area labeled B?

• Sediment was deposited on sloped ground.
• Sediment was deposited on sloped ground that later became level.
• Sediment was deposited on level ground that later tilted.
• Sediment was deposited on level ground that stayed level.

Igneous rocks are formed by -

• heat and pressure on existing rocks
• evaporation of water, leaving solids behind
• cooling and hardening of molten rock
• layers of mud on the bottom of a lake

The point from which an earthquake originates is called the -

• focus
• epicenter
• fault line
• shockwave

What is usually responsible for an earthquake?

• Pressure buildup within the mantle
• Slippage along faults within Earth's crust
• Weathering along coastlines
• Force changes from the moon pulling on Earth

While on vacation, a student visits the area around a volcano that has recently erupted. The student can expect to find samples of -

• clastic sedimentary rock
• nonfoliated metamorphic rock
• chemical sedimentary rock
• extrusive igneous rock

The folding and faulting found in the rocks of the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia were created by -

• collisions of continental plates
• wave action of prehistoric oceans
• the Coriolis effect
• heating and cooling of the prehistoric atmosphere

Which sequence best describes the construction of a delta from the youngest formation to the oldest formation?

• A-C-B-D
• C-A-D-B
• C-A-B-D
• B-D-A-C

All of the following supports the theory of continental drift except that -

• the continents seem to fit together like pieces of a puzzle
• there are similar fossils on different continents
• mountain ranges in South America and Africa line up
• the North Pole and Antarctica are covered with ice

Even though the Earth's inner core is hotter than the liquid outer core, it is still solid because -

• the heat rising from the inner core is melting the outer core
• there is more water in the outer core and it dilutes the materials
• the outer core is farther from the center, and there is less gravity
  holding it together
• the pressure from all of Earth's layers keeps it in a solid state